You Suck: A Love Story Chapter 29~30

Chapter Twenty-nine Don't You Hate Running into Your Ex? As soon as she unlocked the new loft's security door from the street, Jody smelled blood, burned flesh, and shampoo. A case of the willies that felt like an electric serpent slithered up her spine. She went up the stairs, light on the balls of her feet, ready. She heard every tick in the apartment, the refrigerator motor, floorboards shifting, the huge cat Chet snoring in the bedroom, and, of course, someone breathing. The lights were off. He was sitting in a canvas sling-back chair, barefoot, in a pair of Tommy's jeans and a T-shirt, drying his hair with a towel. Jody stopped by the kitchen. â€Å"Fledgling,† said the vampire. â€Å"I'm always pleasantly surprised when I am reminded of how lovely you are. Surprises are rare at my age.† â€Å"Must have surprised the fuck out of you to have that Honda toast you, then, huh?† She felt herself tightening down, the electric jangle channeling itself into an awareness, an edge. It wasn't fear anymore, it was readiness. â€Å"An unpleasant one, yes. I assume your little servant is safe for now.† â€Å"Well, you know, she was winded for a few minutes from kicking your ass, but she is just a little girl.† The vampire laughed, and Jody couldn't help but smile. She went to the windows at the front of the loft and opened them. â€Å"Smells like burned meat in here.† â€Å"She'll have to go, you know,† said the vampire, still smiling. â€Å"No, she won't,† Jody turned on her heel. Faced him. â€Å"Of course she will. All of them but you. I'm quite tired of being alone, little one. You can come away with me, just as we planned.† Jody was stunned at his density. â€Å"I was lying to you, Elijah. I never intended to go away with you. I was just pretending to find out how to be a vampire.† â€Å"What were you going to do the next night, then – if your pet hadn't bronzed us, I mean?† â€Å"I thought I'd send you away.† â€Å"No you didn't.† â€Å"I thought I'd let the Animals kill you, like they were going to anyway.† â€Å"No you didn't.† â€Å"I don't know.† The edge was slipping. â€Å"I don't know.† Maybe she was going to go with him. She had felt so alone, so lost. â€Å"Ah, so here we are again. Let's pretend like all this unpleasantness hasn't happened, and it's the next night, and here we are, just the two of us. The only ones of our kind. What will you do, Jody?† â€Å"But we aren't the only ones of our kind.† â€Å"We are the only ones you need worry about. You do know that you are the first new vampire in a hundred years?† Jody tried not to show her surprise. â€Å"How lucky for me,† she said. â€Å"Oh, you're not the only one I've turned. I've turned many. You're the only one who could weather the change with her mind intact. The others had to be, well, decommissioned.† â€Å"You killed them?† â€Å"Yes. But not you. Help me clean up and then we'll leave, together.† â€Å"Clean up?† â€Å"There are certain rules, love. Rules that I set down myself, and the first of them is make no more vampires. Yet you've let loose a storm of fledglings, and they all have to be cleaned up, including your boy pet.† â€Å"Make no more? What about me? You made me.† â€Å"I didn't expect you to survive, love. I thought you would be an amusement, a break in monotony, an interlude, but you distinguished yourself.† â€Å"And now you want me to run off with you.† â€Å"We'll live like royalty. I have resources you couldn't imagine.† â€Å"You're wearing stolen jeans, sugar daddy.† â€Å"Well, yes, I will have to make my way to one of my caches.† â€Å"I have an idea,† Jody said, and this was really the reason she had come here, by herself, knowing that he would be here. Or at least hoping. â€Å"How about I give you enough money to get you out of town and you do that, just like we promised Rivera and Cavuto? You leave me alone, you leave Tommy alone, you just leave.† Elijah stood now, tossed the towel on the chair, and moved to her so quickly that she could barely even see him move. â€Å"Art, music, literature,† said Elijah. â€Å"Desire, passion, power – the best of man and the best of beast. Together. You would say no to that?† He put his hand on her cheek and she let him. â€Å"Love?† Jody said, looking into his eyes – they reflected like drops of mercury in her night vision. â€Å"For fairy tales. We are the stuff from which nightmares are made. Make nightmares with me.† â€Å"Wow, nice offer. Can't imagine why you haven't had any takers for a hundred years.† Jody grabbed his wrist. If he wouldn't leave, she could take him. She was a vampire, too. The vampire had been smiling, but his smile changed aspect, going from pleased to predatory. â€Å"So be it, then.† His hand was at her neck in an instant, she didn't see him move or have a chance to react. Suddenly she couldn't move her arms or legs, and there was an intense pain behind her ear and under her jaw. She screamed, releasing a sound she couldn't imagine coming out of a human, more like something you'd hear from a tortured cat. He clamped his other hand over her mouth. â€Å"I didn't teach you everything in our one night together, love.† She watched helplessly as he tossed his head back and his fangs unsheathed. Troy Lee squared off against Drew at the end of the dog-food aisle, two short fighting swords in hand. â€Å"Bring it, stoner,† Troy Lee said. He spun the swords. Drew fell into a crouch by the dishwashing liquids. â€Å"I'm fast now,† Drew said. â€Å"Uh-huh,† Troy said. He whipped the swords through the air in a deadly fanning motion. He'd been training since he was a child; he wasn't afraid, especially of Drew. â€Å"Hey,† came a woman's voice from right beside him. Troy Lee looked over, lightning quick, just in time to register what looked like a full moon coming at his face. There was a loud clang and Troy was nearly flipped over backwards when the iron skillet hit him in the forehead. Blue let it drop to her side and grinned at Drew. â€Å"I've always wanted to do that.† â€Å"Housewares used to be my aisle,† Drew said. â€Å"Take him,† said Blue. â€Å"Let him drink some of your blood before he dies.† She headed toward a commotion in the can aisle. â€Å"Save some, boys. Mama's got a broken nose that needs to heal.† Jody felt her own fangs extend and her kneecaps quiver as Elijah fed on her, but otherwise she couldn't move. How could she have been so stupid? He was eight hundred years old – of course he hadn't taught her everything. Of course he was stronger than she was – she was stronger than Tommy, and she had only been a vampire a couple of months longer than he had. If she could stay conscious, maybe when he stopped feeding she could make her move. Could he reduce her to dust like a human, or would he have to do something else? Stupid. Stupid. Stupid. Why didn't she know all of this? Why wasn't she acting on instinct? Where was the predator mind when you needed it? Her vision started to tunnel down – she was losing consciousness. She could hear rapid footsteps outside, though. First below, then across the street, then below again. Elijah heard them, too, and he loosened his grip for an instant, but before she could twist away, his fingers dug into her neck and jaw again. Then a black blur flew through the window and she heard something thud on the floor over by the kitchen. There was another loud thud and Elijah released her and she fell to the floor. She tried to push herself up, but something was thrown over her and she heard a buzzing sound. She heard screaming and smelled burning flesh, glass breaking, then someone was lifting her, carrying her. She couldn't move or even fight anymore. She let go, let herself float away, but the last thing she heard was a girl's voice saying, â€Å"Did you feed Chet?† The Emperor sat on the dock of the St. Francis Yacht Club, watching the fog wash over the breakwater. He'd gone against the advice of the homicide detectives and had left the grocery store. It was his city, and it was his place to take the battle to its attackers. He had cowered in fear long enough. His wickedly pointed sword lay on the dock at his side. The men, Bummer and Lazarus, were sleeping in a fuzzy pile at his back. â€Å"Ah, gentle warriors, how do we engage in battle when our enemy moves with such elegant stealth? Perhaps we should return to the Safeway and help defend.† Bummer's left ear twitched, and he let out a muffled ruff in his sleep. A thick bank of fog was moving down from the opening in the breakwater and it caught the Emperor's attention because it appeared to be moving across the wind from the west. Yes, it was indeed – the cold breeze was coming straight over the breakwater from the north. The fog bank bubbled thick as it moved, tendrils reached out and then were reabsorbed like the false feet of some crawling creature. The Emperor climbed to his feet and roused the men, snatched Bummer up before the sleepy terrier could get his bearings, and headed toward the clubhouse with Lazarus at his heels. He crouched in a shadow by the entrance to the restrooms, holding the hounds as he watched. The fog bank enveloped the end of the dock, paused, then dissipated as if a fan had been turned on it, and three tall figures stood on the dock, a man and two women. They wore long coats, cashmere, the Emperor thought, but he couldn't for the life of him remember why he might know that. They moved down the dock toward him as if they were floating. The Emperor could see their outlines in the moonlight – jawlines and cheekbones that looked as if they'd been chiseled, square shoulders, and narrow hips. They might have been brother and sisters, except one of the women was of African descent, the other looked like she might be Italian or Greek. The man was a head taller than the women and looked Nordic, perhaps German, with close-cropped white hair. All were as pale as bleached bone. As they passed him the Emperor pulled the hounds closer and Bummer let out a threatening ruff. They stopped. The man turned. â€Å"How long have you been here?† he asked. â€Å"Forever, I think,† said the Emperor. The man smiled and nodded, then turned and was on his way. â€Å"I know how you feel,† he said without looking back. Gustavo and Jeff found Barry hiding in the shelves among the toilet-paper packages. When they got close, Barry burst out of the TP and made a run for the end of the aisle, pulling napkins, aluminum foil, garbage bags, and plastic silverware off the shelves as he went to slow his pursuers. Gustavo went down first, slipping on a package of plastic forks. Jeff high-stepped through the obstacles and was right on Barry's ass until he was almost to the end of the aisle and Lash stepped out holding one of Barry's spearguns. â€Å"Down!† Lash barked, and Barry hit the tile on his chest and slid. There was a pneumatic hiss and the heavy stainless spear thudded into Jeff's sternum and blew him back off his feet. â€Å"Ow, goddammit,† said the power forward, clutching at the spear and trying to pull it out of his chest. Gustavo climbed to his feet, ran to Jeff, and started yanking on the spear. Lash handed Barry a four-foot-long stick with a blunt metal tip on it and fitted another spear into the gun. â€Å"That the last one?† Barry asked. Lash nodded. â€Å"Where's Clint?† Just then the tall blond woman appeared at the far end of the aisle, dragging an unconscious Clint by his collar. A wide bloodstain ran from her chin to her crotch and they could see her fangs even from this distance. â€Å"Bad boys. Leaving your born-again lying on the floor where people can trip over him.† She dropped Clint on his face, and headed up the aisle toward them, in long, slow strides. Lash bolted, Barry right behind them, through the canvas doors into the back room, and into the walk-in dairy cooler. It was like a long hallway with plastic milk boxes stacked on one side and the glass dairy cases on the other. They pushed stacks of heavy one-gallon milk boxes in front of the door, then leaned with their backs against the back of the cooler, watching the store through the clear cooler doors in the dairy case, over the cartons of yogurt and cottage cheese. â€Å"What's that she's carrying?† Barry asked. â€Å"A frying pan,† Lash said. â€Å"Oh,† Barry said â€Å"Sorry I let her in. She was almost naked.† â€Å"How could you have known?† â€Å"Well, when she claimed she had a nooky-gram for my birthday, I should have figured something was up.† â€Å"Your birthday's like in March, isn't it?† â€Å"Yeah.† Lash slapped Barry hard once on his bare scalp, then re-aimed the speargun over the yogurts. â€Å"I deserved that,† Barry said. â€Å"Think that spear hit Jeff's heart?† â€Å"Had to. It's a foot through his sternum.† â€Å"He doesn't seem dead.† â€Å"Guess that means head shot.† Barry shook his head. â€Å"You want me to try?† â€Å"Nah, if I miss, you have the bang stick.† Lash nodded at the long stick Barry was holding at port arms. Essentially it was a twelve-gauge shotgun shell on the end of a stick, used for killing sharks. You poked them with it and the shotgun shell fired into them at point-blank range. â€Å"I'll bet she doesn't even know what it is.† â€Å"Get it right,† Lash said. â€Å"Blow her fucking brains out.† They looked at each other as they heard the refrigeration compressors and fans wind down. Then the lights went out. â€Å"We're fucked,† Lash said. â€Å"Yep,† Barry agreed. Chapter Thirty Being the Chronicles of Abby Normal: Dark and Mysterious Goddess of Forbidden Love Don't judge me. I have looked death in the face and made him my bitch! I did what I did out of love, and I don't want to sound conceited, but OMG, we are heroes! And when I say we, I mean us. Had I told you before, you would have called me â€Å"losah!† pronounced me perky and cute beyond redemption, but now that I am secure in my own nefarious love lair and whatnot, I can at last confess, that in my naive youth, my favorite literary character was not the tentacled horror Cthulu from Lovecraft as I previously stated in AP English 235, but, in fact, Pippi Longstocking. Before you condemn me for my Pippism, check it out: Pippi drank a lot of coffee. (Because, like me, she was wise.) Pippi had unnaturally red hair (as I, myself have had, upon occasion). Pippi often wore long, stripy socks (as yours truly has been known to do). Pippi had superhuman strength. (It could happen.) Pippi kicked ass. (Not unlike your humble narrator.) Pippi was a kid who lived without parents in her own house. (Go, girl!) With a monkey. (Haven't you always wanted a monkey?) What Longstockings did not have, was the coolest cyber-ninja-sex-magic boyfriend to ever save the world and whatnot. (Props to Pip, but girlfriend needed some yang to rock her yin.) Steve. My darling, my love, My heart is aflame But OMFG, Steve, I grieve, That you're name Is so fucking lame. I call him Foo Dog, because he guards the gate of my temple, if you know what I mean. I'm wearing the jacket he made me right now. I had it on when they came for me, but that's not the thing. The thing is, I didn't save myself, I saved love. So, that night, after I told the Countess how my sweet Foo Dog saved me from the vampyre, the Countess said she was going to go back to the loft to get some money and feed Chet and get the last of William's blood for Lord Flood, for their love is truly eternal. And Jared and I were like, â€Å"We'll go, too,† but the Countess sent us back to liberate the vampyre Flood from Jared's basement and his hideous family. So we were all, â€Å"Well, okay.† But when we got to Jared's house, Flood was totally gone. And then Steve – I mean Foo Dog – called me and he was all, â€Å"I'm getting off work early, I don't want to leave you out there unprotected.† So I told him where we were. Then Lord Flood comes walking out of the dark and he's all, â€Å"What? What? What?† And I'm all, â€Å"The Countess went back to the loft.† And he's all, â€Å"She is in danger. We must away.† And I was like, â€Å"Chill thee thus, for my sweet love-ninja is on the way in his fly ride.† So Flood was like, † ‘Kay.† I see now that my attraction to the vampyre Flood was nothing more than childish infatuation, never to be requited, because he had eyes only for the Countess. So it was a little awkward when Steve showed up and I had to chill the Lord Flood and make him sit in the backseat to show that my real affections were with Foo Dog, who was formerly known as Steve. And when we got to the loft, the windows were open, but there were no lights on. And Flood had us drive a block past, then we got out and he walked back. Then he runs up and he's like, â€Å"Elijah's up there. He's got her.† And I'm all, â€Å"Then go get her.† And Steve is like, â€Å"No, I'll go get her.† And he pulls this long coat out of the trunk. It's all covered with warts or something, and I'm like, â€Å"Nice coat, but you know, vampyre†¦Ã¢â‚¬  And Steve is like, â€Å"They're UV LEDs. Like the lights we burned the vampires with before.† And I'm like, â€Å"Sweet!† So Steve starts to put the coat on and Flood stops him and goes, â€Å"He'll hear you coming up the stairs. I'll go.† And Steve is all, â€Å"You can't. It will burn you, too.† And Flood is all, â€Å"No it won't.† So they are like five minutes behind the car putting together this ber-cool ensem of like an old gas mask, and a hoodie, and full-on gloves and everything, until Flood is totally covered, wearing the long coat with the glass warts all over it, looking like one of the cenobites from Hellraiser. And Steve is like, â€Å"Don't hit the switch until you know she's covered.† And he hands Flood like a black rubber tarp and a baseball bat, which totally sucked the cool right out of the ensem, but I guess was necessary. Then, just when I'm about to ask how he's going to get in without being heard, we hear the Countess scream, and Flood runs across the street and about halfway up the side of the building, then turns and runs down it, then across the street, up the side of his building, and goes through the window feet fucking first. And I'm like, â€Å"Whoa.† And Steve and Jared are like, â€Å"Whoa.† And a second later we hear a thumping, and purple light comes on in the loft windows and the old vampyre comes crashing through the windows on fucking fire, falling like a comet! And he lands on his feet in the middle of the street, hisses once and looks at us, and that's when Steve holds up one of his UV floodlights, and the vampyre fucking scrams down the alley across the street so fast that he was just a blur. Next thing, Flood is coming out of the building carrying the Countess, who is wrapped in the black rubber tarp and is totally roofied like a limp rag. And Steve's all, â€Å"Get her in the car.† And I'm like, â€Å"Did you feed Chet?† And Jared is like, â€Å"Hello, Abby, the other vampyres.† So I'm like, â€Å"Shut up. I know.† So we all piled into Steve's car and we took Flood and the Countess to a hotel off up on Van Ness, which Steve paid for with his Visa, which was generous and mature of him. It was one of those motels where you have your own entrance to the parking lot so they don't see you in the hallway, so Flood carried the Countess up to the room, and we carried some stuff that Steve had packed up in the trunk of his car. It was so sad. Flood just stroked the Countess's cheek and tried to get her to wake up, but she wouldn't. And he was all, â€Å"Abby, she needs to feed. I wouldn't ask, but he's done something to her, she's hurt.† And I would have totally done it, but Steve pulled me back, and he picks up this playmate cooler that he had us bring up, and he pulls out these pouches of blood. And he hands them to Flood and says, â€Å"I took them from the university hospital. They could kick me out of school for this.† And Flood is all, â€Å"Thanks.† And he bites a hole in one of the pouches and squeezes it on the Countess's lips and that's when I started to cry. There were like four pouches, and when he was going for the last one, Steve was like, â€Å"You need to drink that one.† And Flood was like, â€Å"No way, it's for her.† And Steve was like, â€Å"You know you do.† So Flood like nodded and drank the last one himself, and then he just sat there by her, stroking her hair. Then Steve was like, â€Å"Tommy, you know I can reverse your vampirism. I'm pretty sure the process works.† And Flood just looked at him and nodded. It was so sad. And then the Countess started to moan, and she opened her eyes and she saw the vampyre Flood and she was all, â€Å"Hey, baby.† Just like that. And I started crying again like a big wuss and Steve took Jared and me out to the car to give them some space. And Steve was like, â€Å"I made this for you from my jacket.† And he put this leather motorcycle jacket on me that was covered with those glass LED thingies. It was kinda heavy, because there were batteries built into the padding, but cool. And he was all, â€Å"This will keep you safe. The switch is in the snap on the left cuff. Just squeeze it and the lights will come on. They won't hurt you, but you should wear sunglasses to protect your retinas.† Then he put a pair of totally cyber wraparound sunglasses on me and kissed me. And I kissed him back, hard, with major tongue, and finally he pulled away, as gentle as a butterfly. So then I slapped him, so he wouldn't think I was a slut. But so he wouldn't think I was being frigid, I sort of jumped on him and wrapped my legs around him and sort of accidentally rode him to the ground and was accidentally kind of dry-humping him on the pavement when the lights on my jacket came on and people looked out their hotel windows a nd whatnot, so Jared ended our special romantic moment by hitting my light switch and dragging me off. And I was all, â€Å"You are THE MAN, Foo!† And he was all, â€Å"Huh?† Because I hadn't told him yet that his new name was Foo Dog. But then he said he actually had to get home and check in or his parents would freak out. And said to watch the masters until I got back, if I got a chance try to talk them into being converted. So we made out on the hood of the Honda for a while and he drove off into night's cold loneliness like the superhero that he is. (The effect was ruined, kind of, in that Jared caught a ride with him.) So I went back upstairs and sat at the foot of the masters' bed, keeping guard and listening to them. They were talking softly, but I could hear them. The vampyre Flood was all, â€Å"Maybe we should give it a try.† And the Countess was all, â€Å"What, the cure? Tommy, it can't work. You've seen what I can do, you know what you can do. This isn't biology, this is magic.† â€Å"Maybe it's not. Maybe it's science we don't know yet.† â€Å"It doesn't matter. We don't even know if it works.† â€Å"We should try.† â€Å"Why would we try, Tommy? You've only been immortal for a couple of weeks. Do you want to give up the power, the – I don't know – the command over your world?† â€Å"Well – yes.† â€Å"You do?† â€Å"Yeah. I don't like it, Jody. I don't like being afraid all the time. I don't like being alone. I don't like being a killer.† â€Å"That woman was torturing you, Tommy. That's never going to happen again.† â€Å"That's wasn't the problem. I'd get over her. The problem was that I liked it. I liked it.† Then the Countess was quiet for a while, and I thought it might be dawn or something, but I peeked over the edge of the bed and she was just staring into his eyes. She looked over at me. â€Å"Hey, girlie girl,† the Countess said, and she smiled at me and it felt like a gift or something. It was like, real. Then she took her watch off and threw it to me at the end of the bed. â€Å"That has an automatic almanac in it – how about you set the alarm to go off about twenty minutes before sunset, so you don't get caught out again, okay?† And I was going to tell her about the jacket that Foo made for me, but I kind of couldn't talk, so I just nodded and put the watch on and slid back down to the floor. Then I heard the Countess go, â€Å"You aren't alone. I'm here. We can go where no one knows us, no one is chasing us, and I'll always be here for you.† And he goes, â€Å"I know. I mean alone from everyone else. Separate. I want to be human, not some foul dead thing.† â€Å"I thought you wanted to be special.† â€Å"I do, but I want to be human special – because of something I did.† Then it was quiet for a while, and finally the Countess goes, â€Å"I love it, Tommy. I'm not afraid all the time like you; just the opposite. I didn't realize how afraid I used to be until I became like this. I like walking the street knowing that I'm the Alpha animal, hearing and seeing and smelling everything, being part of everything. I like it. I wanted to share that with you.† â€Å"It's okay. You couldn't have known.† â€Å"I don't want to be alone either. That's why I turned you. I love you.† Then the alarm went off on Lord Flood's watch, and he shut it off. Then he's all, â€Å"We can't go back to the way it was, before, I mean? Where I look after you?† â€Å"It's not the same world, Tommy. You know that now. We were in the same room in different worlds.† â€Å"Okay then. I love you, Jody.† â€Å"I love you, too,† goes the Countess. Then they didn't say anything for a long time, and when my new watch showed that the sun was up, I looked, and they were lying there, holding each other, and I could see the red stains on the pillow from their tears. And I was like, â€Å"Oh, hell no!†

Conclusion and Recommendation Essay

Moral implies conformity to established sanctioned codes or accepted notions of right and wrong or the basic moral values of a community. Ethical may suggest the involvement of more difficult or subtle questions of rightness, fairness or equity. While legal is sanctioned by law or in conformity with the law especially as it is written or administered by the courts. (Merriam-Webster) Relating the results of the gathered data of the study about the dog eating practice in Baguio City and La Trinidad to morality and the legal aspect of which, the researchers were able to come up with conclusions and recommendations. Regarding the moral aspect of the practice of dog eating, the study revealed that it is accepted to consume dog meat. The prevalent reasons are that dogs are basically meat for food and dogs are used in the cultural and ritual practice. Dogs are made as offerings and were eaten for health reasons. Law enforcers admitted that dog meat consumption is a right as guaranteed by our constitution. They too believed that consumption of dog meat will continue. However, trading dog meat is prohibited with the advent of the Anti Rabies Act and the Animal Welfare Act. In legal parlance, as stated above that dog eating is presumed to be legal for the the act of trading dog meat is prohibited. Even the constitution entitles everyone to our basic needs which include food, shelter and clothing. Eating dog meat is then legal for the fact that it is considered as food. But with special laws being passed which condemned the trading of dogs for consumption purposes made the eating practice seemingly illegal as well. Knowing now that the trading and not the eating practice is illegal, the researchers recommend a deeper investigation on the source of dog meat supplied in the city and the capital town. Our law enforcers like the National Bureau of Investigation and the Philippine National Police should coordinate to be able to put to an end the trade of dogs. Cases filed against trading of dog meat in courts were dismissed due to the open interpretation of the law. The researchers would therefore recommend for our lawmakers to revisit the Anti Rabies Act and the Animal Welfare Act. For our lawmakers to clearly define animal cruelty and other silent parts of the law which are open for individual interpretations.

Soicial Issues and Warren Court Decisions Essay

Soicial Issues and Warren Court Decisions - Essay Example In addition, immigrants have long faced discrimination in areas such as housing, employment opportunities and education. Moreover, civil rights accords do not incorporate racial minorities such as the disabled, women and homosexuals. Till 1860s, numerous states prevented or restricted women from having their own property. The right of a woman to vote was not protected constitutionally until 1920 when the Nineteenth Amendment was ratified. Anti-gender discrimination campaign commenced with the enactment of 1964 Civil Rights Act came into force, effectively illegalizing any forms of gender based discrimination. As a result, individuals could not be discriminated based on national origin, religion, age and race. Various supreme courts have ruled on the above two issues. A case in point is the Reed v. Reed Supreme Court Drama involving Sally Reed as the appellant and Cecil Reed as the appellee. According to this case, the appellant claimed that the Idaho law favored the appointment for t he mere reason of being male over a woman for purposes of being an administrator of an estate whose owner had died. The decision was made in favor of Sally Reed, the Appellant after finding out that the probate law of Idaho discriminated against women. This ruling was the first in favor of women’s right following the Fourteenth Amendment. ... s states from enacting any law which shall abridge (lessen) the constitutional rights and privileges of citizens of the United States nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the law.† The Equal Protection Clause guarantees that individuals in groups of persons or persons in situations that are similar should be equally treated. Ruth Bader Ginsburg the case lawyer and the subsequent judge of the Supreme Court labeled the Reeds case as â€Å"the turning point case.† The state law for the first time was held invalid because it allowed discrimination against women. The U.S Supreme Court in 1857 in the Dred Scott v. Sandford, 60 U.S. (19How.)393,15L. ED. 691, concluded that the constitution did not find its application to the African Americans as they were not considered to be citizens during the drafting of the constitution. New laws were mandatory after the civil war for purposes of extending former slaves civil liberties. How the Court Decisi ons Affected the Society after the Ruling Reed v Reed was the initial U.S Supreme Court ruling that concluded that laws subjective to gender discrimination were violating the Fourteenth Amendment’s Equal Protection Clause. Decades after the case ruling, the court utilized the precedence set in the ruling to make rulings eliminating discriminatory laws against women. On the other hand, the ruling also benefitted men as it prevented courts from basing their views on gender generalizations. The constitution’s Thirteenth Amendment was enacted for purposes of making the involuntary servitude and slavery unlawful acts. Moreover, the power to enact laws was handed to the Congress which necessitated the new amendments enforcement. Both the cases had a positive impact in the society. For instance, the women

APPLYING ECONOMIC PRINCIPLES TO EDUCATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

APPLYING ECONOMIC PRINCIPLES TO EDUCATION - Essay Example This principle amounts to greater competition in the market place. To effectively compete with each other, organizations will be forced to improve the quality of the products or services that they offer in order to give better value to their customers. This will also be advantageous to the consumers because some companies tend to lower their prices to increase their market share. In a free market economy, people â€Å"vote† through their purchases of goods and services. Those getting the most â€Å"votes† are the ones that offer the best value for the people’s money. With support coming from the consumers, these firms have the dollar power to further improve on the quality of their products and services. Those firms who fail to attract enough customers/buyers are those who do not provide a good value. If they do not shape up, these organizations will eventually go by the wayside. 2. Are there other public functions that might benefit from more competition, includ ing competition from private firms? Yes, there are other public functions that might benefit from more competition, including competition from private firms. These organizations would include those in the area of health care (hospitals, day-care facilities & retirement homes), low-cost housing, transportation, telecommunications, and infrastructure.

Pharmacological Management of Major Depression in Older Adults Using Essay

Pharmacological Management of Major Depression in Older Adults Using Selective Serotonin-Reuptakes Inhibitors - Essay Example They have minimal effect on noradrenalin and dopamine activity, compared to the tricyclics or MAOIs. Some of the drugs, like fluoxetine, have a mood elevating effect when used in healthy individuals. Fluoxetine drug has the longest half-life amongst all approved SSRIs with drug and side effects persisting up to six weeks after the termination of therapy. Introduction Serotonin is an important neurotransmitter, a local hormone in the gut, a component of the platelet clotting process, and is thought to play a role in migraine headache. Serotonin is also one of the mediators of the signs and symptoms of carcinoid syndrome, an usual manifestation of carcinoid tumor, a neoplasm of enterochromaffin cells. Patients with non-operable tumor, take serotonin antagonist for a useful treatment. The diagnosis of depression still rests primarily on the clinical interview. Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by depressed mood most of the time for at least 2 weeks and/ or loss of interes t or pleasure in most activities. Additionally, depression is associated with sleep, as well as diet disturbances and deficits in cognition and energy. Thoughts of guild, worthlessness and suicide are common. Coronary artery disease, diabetes and stroke appear to be more common in depressed patients and depression may considerably worsen the prognosis for patients with a variety of comorbid medical conditions (Katzang, 2009; Rang, 2009; Kaushik, 2011). Reports by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention highlight the fact that antidepressant drugs were the most commonly prescribed medications in the USA. It is observed that American physicians have been increasingly inclined to use antidepressants to treat a host of conditions that patients have been increasingly receptive to their use. Major depression is commonly associated with a variety of medical conditions from chronic pain to coronary artery disease, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) specifically in older individuals or other related old age diseases which enhances the burden of depressive thoughts and also affects the quality or life. All these reasons paved the way for growth in the use of antidepressants ( Katzang, 2009; Rang, 2009). Comparison of SSRIs with Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) - The first line of antidepressant treatment suggested for elderly population involves SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors). There are weak facts for this suggestion as studies carried out highlight the comparative usefulness, protection, acceptability, as well as success of SSRIs and TCAs suggesting that there are a few optional returns of both these drugs over one another. Moreover, there is always a potential danger of falls which is prevalent in elderly patients, hyponatremia, loss of weight and sexual dysfunction, as well as drug-drug interactions. Therefore, SSRIs and TCAs must be prescribed by physician s for elderly patients considering frequency and severity of depression (Herrmann, 2000). Pathophysiology of Major Depression Observations reveal that there is a tremendous shift that has been witnessed for understanding the pathophysiology of major depression. Initially, the amount of monoamines was considered to be the central to the biology of depression. Evidence suggests that neurotrophic and endocrine factors

Research in Sensys and competitor analysis Essay - 1

Research in Sensys and competitor analysis - Essay Example al Travel Time Solution which is â€Å"the first solution to overcome these complications (on arterial roadways) and deliver dependable arterial travel time and volume data while not presenting any privacy concerns† (Sensys Networks, Inc. ). Sensys Networkc Inc is located at 2560 Ninth Street, Suite 219 Berkeley, CA 94710. The company provides contacts to their different departments such as a dealer, a human resource representatives, sales representatives and technical support representatives. Because the nature of the business’ products are so new and innovative, there are not a great deal of competitors in this marketplace. One major competitor is the Southwest Research Institute, who is involved in developing, implementation, and maintenance of similar traffic-related technologies, such as their Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). This research institute has been developing ITS technologies and other support systems since 1992, giving them somewhat of a competitive edge when it comes to development of such innovative software. This represents a threat to Sensys Networks, as with the growth of federal interest in the deployment of ITS software, Sensys Networks must develop more quality marketing to make their own ITS products and other traffic-related software systems more competitive in pricing and in offering support and maintenance of these systems. The Intelligent Transport Systems Society is composed of those that utilize â€Å"synergistic technologies and systems engineering concepts to develop and improve transportation systems of all kinds† ( Intelligent Transportation Systems Society). The ITSS works hand in hand with the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). Together with IEEE, ITSS sponsors conferences and symposium on electrical and electronics engineering and information technologies. Apparently, the ITS-IEEE partnership is still on the rise as they continuously sponsor conferences until 2009. The IEEE is also considered

Uncompleted or inchoate crimes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Uncompleted or inchoate crimes - Essay Example mstances and among different cultures and continents that Common Law postulates were fashioned, modified, edited and altered – not abruptly but subtly, through decades of observation and application in the form of verdicts from the courts of law – and what can be seen today is the end result of absorption through years of diverse ethos and interaction between cultural and societal forces at work in numerous societies. Common legal principles and concepts as ‘Magna Charta’, ‘Bill of Rights’, ‘Habeas Corpus’ and even ‘Right of trial by jury’ have their origins in Common Law. The evolution of Common Law has been a long natural process and is based on the principle of stare decisis, a Latin clause that literally means "stand by things decided." To explain it further, the clause means a judge in a court of law has to apply the law as it is presented to him through previous decisions of courts of law. But this does not really prevent judges from making a law as they can and, almost always do, introduce changes that obviously cannot be revolutionary but subtle in nature and an accumulation of such subtle changes finally lead to a marked alteration in the present version of the law as compared to its original form. (Neilson, 1882) Though Common Law originated in England and still forms the basis of prevalent laws in England, Wales and Ireland, it also wields deep influence on legal systems of United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India and many other commonwealth countries. However, with the passage of time, it has been observed that most countries have veered towards a system where distinctions between Common Law and Civil Law (or, codified law) have increasingly been obliterated as jurisprudence (for all practical purposes another name for Common Law) gained importance in countries following Civil Law and statutes and codes were more often cited in countries following Common Law. There are two concepts – actus reus (the

Business Analysis Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business Analysis - Case Study Example The Company drew popularity in the 1940s as a cleaning company that offered its services to the defense forces of nations especially those involved in war. The Tennant brand is strong and so is its positioning within the market. They currently hold approximately fifteen percent of the global market share, with sales growing faster than many of their competitors. Tennant’s focus was rare as they chose to deliver a sustainable value to their customers without compromising on price or performance. This strength is not imitable with new companies as it something that is built over time although many existing companies have built the same brand strength with their products. This strength has proved to be a sustainable competitive advantage for Tennant. They have exploited this strength and achieved organization. Key Issues 1) Tennant needs a strategic plan that will assure them future growth in the wake of competition and uncertainty in the market. 2) The market diversification pla ns at Tennant are intense. Tennant should focus on making their current product lines stronger. 3) Tennant is constantly facing new competition, much of which is offering discounted products making it difficult for Tennant and other companies in the industry to compete. Criteria and Evaluation of Alternatives by Criteria SWOT Analysis Strengths Tennant has strength in their discovery and early adoption of new technologies. It has allowed them to build relationships with various suppliers and service providers and has helped further build their brand name and recognition within the industry. This strength will be critical if Tennant chooses to venture in to new market segments or further expand their product line as they will always be a step ahead of their competition. This strength has proved to be a key competitive advantage for Tennant. They have exploited this strength and achieved organization. Weaknesses This industry is mostly affected by the growing consumer demands that sur pass production capability of any company. Due to this identified demand, the industry has experienced substantial growth, emanating from the expansion of market by competitors. Opportunities also arise as a result of growth. This is reflected by the current state of intense competition in the industry. Political factors fuel this demand especially due to policies regulating health standards and application of such efforts to ensure cleanliness. Opportunities The primary identified opportunity of the industry is that of providing chemical-free cleaning product alternatives as supplements to their already established product lin

As you suggest Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

As you suggest - Essay Example The policy makes the topic very important in understanding how the labor market is fast changing. WIOA is a policy signed into law on July 22, 2014, and it was to take effect at the beginning of 2015. The policy was aimed at equipping job seekers access employments, education, training and support services that can enable them to succeed in the labor market (Nebraska Department of Labor, 2015). Similarly, the policy allows job seekers to gain the skills that employers require, making them compete globally (Nebraska Department of Labor, 2015). The enactment of this law has seen women increase their participation in the labor market because it has increased the opportunities. Women have benefited much more than the male gender because the policy equips them with necessary skills for their participation. For the past years, the number of women in the labor market has remained small because of the perception of lack of the necessary skills to perform the assigned duties (OCTAE, 2015). However, the enactment of this law has made it necessary for women and other job seekers to have equal chances of getting employed. It also equalizes their chances of getting relevant education, training, and skills for the jobs and complete assigned duties. Importantly, the policy offers a win-win situation for employers and job seekers (OCTAE, 2015). For instance, it equips job seekers with the knowledge they need to have concerning a given sector and the assignment they are likely to encounter. Through this, they get empowered and ready to deliver on the assigned duties. On the other hand, employers gain from the competitive job seekers that have knowledge of what they can do (Doleta.org, 2015). Because of this, the employers have a range of choices and expertise to select. Therefore, the policy is imperative to making job seekers become competitive and impress their employers at any given time. Moreover, the nation will also benefit from this

World War 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

World War 3 - Essay Example Moreover, reviews by other authors such as Irvin Howe revealed that Mills article lacked sufficient evidence and factual arguments. Despite such critics, Howe was castigated by student Movements who supported Mills views at the time. The article written by Mills came in the wake of nuclear arms production which he believed was setting the stage for an eminent global war. Interestingly enough, his book received record positive reviews from activists with sales totalling one thousand copies. This was due to the general atmosphere at the time by supporters that a nuclear disaster was imminent. An in depth analysis of Mills theories concerning his believe of a nuclear World War 3, provided sufficient grounds for criticism by Ted Goertzel. One theory that Mills advanced revolved around the role of the power brokers in America and Soviet Union. To this end, Mills believed that the executive and military stakeholders in Pentagon were a dominant force in America’s political sphere. Furthermore, he equally believed that the Kremlin leaders of the Soviet Union were also fomenting its nuclear power for pursuing an impending Armageddon (Groertzel 242). To this end, Mills argued that both power brokers in America and the Soviet Union were manipulating the minds of innocent civilians through the media and consequently leading them towards a nuclear warfare. However, Goertzel disputes this line of thought due to several reasons. Foremost, Goertzel argues that Mill’s failed to justify his theory of military domination in the United States economic sphere. To this end, Goertzel stated that one measure of examining control of power by a specific group was through its control of national income and resources. Thus, if Mills theory on power control by the military was true, it would have reflected on the country economic indicators. Consequently, to poke aspersion into Mills theory, Goertzel draws in statistical evidence from the Gross

Effective communication within my time at BP Essay Example for Free

Effective communication within my time at BP Essay While on my internship I wanted to show effective communication. This involved me communicating with my team, working well within my team and giving many presentations to them. At the end of my internship I got feedback from my manager who explained how I was able to show effective communication within my time at BP. Goal To improve my communication. 1. Introduce and talk to people who I don’t know. 2. Share ideas with colleagues. 3. Ask for help when needed. Feedback Being able to communicate effectively was an important part of her’ role, as she was dealing with numerous personnel for whom English was not their first language. In her first week she was tasked with composing an email to send to all the regionally based team members. She proved straight away that her written communications skills were good, although she was naturally looking for reassurance of her emails were as required. By the end of the internship, both her written and verbal communication could only be described as â€Å"excellent†. Goal To improve my ability to ask questions 1. List down any questions that come to mind during work or home. 2. Do some research on the questions before hand and find an answer. 3. If I cannot find an answer I will ask a college or supervisor. Feedback When she did have any questions she was happy to ask, and did so in a polite and concise manner. If she needed help on tasks or wanted extra elaboration on certain topics she was able to do so. Goal To improve team working with new people 1. Introduce myself to the new people in my team. 2. Think of questions and ideas to contribute to the team. 3. Contribute my ideas to them and ask questions. 4. Use the information gained and adapt it to my work. Feedback She fitted into the team from day one, she is reliable, punctual and always polite and courteous. Her attitude to work was excellent, she was always willing to give something ago, with minimal instruction. Goal – To improve my presentation skills 1. Plan a presentation and practice it. 2. Ask for feedback from colleagues. 3. Take the feedback into consideration and improve the presentation. 4. Invite colleagues, managers to listen to the presentation. The first time I met her, she highlighted that she wanted to improve her presentation skills during her time with us. So, on her first day I asked her to help me present the safety moment in our team meeting; and she did a great job! Over the next few weeks she had other opportunities to both help compile presentation material, and also present to others on her own. By the end on the internship when it was time to present to a room full of peers, parents and work colleagues, she was a professional! In conclusion, it’s always very important to show effective communication skills in the workplace as they are vital for teamwork and overall success. These skills were skills that I wanted to improve greatly as I know they will be beneficial in the future. The majority of the feedback from my line manager was very positive and I will take into account the comments for improvement.

Waiting Times in Out-patient Department (OPD)

Waiting Times in Out-patient Department (OPD) REVIEW OF LITERATURE The review of literature on waiting time in OPD setting is presented under following headings 1) Waiting time in hospitals 2) Patient satisfaction about waiting time and service availed in hospitals Waiting time in the hospitals VijayaBharat et al, 2011 conducted a cross sectional study to compute the waiting time in a crowded out-patient department (OPD) of the Cardiology section of Tata Main Hospital, Jamshedpur. The results shows that the mean waiting time was 58.6 minutes for each patients and 8.7% of the patients were seen within 30 minutes of their arrival in the hospital. The study recommended that in order to reduce overcrowding of patients, the type of cases, their contact time and the frequency of visits needed to be identified. Efficiency was improved by increasing the availability of doctors and introduction of practice guidelines. Rafat Mohebbifar et al (2013) conducted a descriptive study in an educational and learning hospitals affiliated to the University of Ghazvin, Iran to analyse the outpatient waiting time in different hospital clinics. They reported an average waiting time of 161 minutes for a patient. The study recorded longest average waiting time 245 minutes in ophthalmology clinics. In the same study, least average waiting time (77 minutes) was recorded in orthopaedics clinics. Sumeet Singh et al 2013 conducted a cross sectional study in a tertiary care medical college hospital in Punjab, North India to assess the patients satisfaction regarding patient care, and it shows that time interval between admission and commencement of treatment was more than half an hour in 13% cases. Majority of the respondents find difficult to locate the labs and time taken to reach the labs. Almost 71% of cases takes about 10-30 min and more than half an hour in 7 % of the cases, with problem in locating the labs were 27 %. 2) Patient satisfaction level about waiting time for the service availed in hospitals In tertiary hospital setting the highest priority given to the best health care facility to the patients. Patients Satisfaction plays a major role in improving health services and it also helps in identifying the flaws and pons in a health care system. Fekadu Aseefa, et al 2011 conducted a study to assess the patient’s satisfaction with health services at territory hospital in Ethiopia. In this study the findings shows that the way doctor’s services were 82.7% compared with overall satisfaction which was only 77% with the other services waiting time. In contrast dissatisfaction were 46.9 % reported who spend time to see a doctor. Waiting time in hospitals imparts a major role in the patient satisfaction who seek health access. Sarkar J et al 2011 conducted a cross sectional study among outpatients in a peripheral government teaching hospital and about satisfaction level with respect to hospital service and noted that majority of the patients were satisfied in consultation room(53.5%), doctor patient communication (51.0%), and overall satisfaction were (59.9%). The place for waiting area and time (38.6%) was found to be the unsatisfied. Bilkish N. P, Shelke SC et al 2012 conducted a cross-sectional study of towards services received at tertiary care hospital on OPD basis and found out that for consultation patients had to wait less than 30 min. 91% of the out patients were satisfied with OPD timings. 77% patients were satisfied with explanation of treatment by pharmacist. Anand D ,KaushalSK et al 2012 , conducted a cross sectional study which among patients and respondents attending outpatients departments of primary, secondary, and territory health facilities of Agra to evaluate the level of satisfaction of patients visiting health facilities and found that level of satisfaction was high with signboards display, courtesy and respect given by doctors. Overall time duration given by doctors, skills of doctors, effectiveness of health service in solving problems. Satisfaction was found to be comparatively low level concerning with the timings of OPD, registration system, waiting time for consultation, comfort and cleanliness of service area, waiting area and overall time duration given by doctors and behaviour of supporting staffs. However at secondary and territory level major causes found were inadequate OPD timings, mismanaged registration procedure and longer waiting time to seek consultation. Krupal Joshi et al 2103, conducted a cross sectional study on patients who visit the outpatient department in a civil hospital at Gujarat and it found that 68% study participates opinioned that arrival to hospital and consultation by physician was too long. In pharmacy service almost all the patients was found to be satisfactory in availing drugs. Nirmalya Manna et al 2013 conducted a cross sectional study on patient satisfaction among outpatients in a hospital at West Bengal. As per the study good satisfaction was showed with respect to doctor services, laboratory services and with the pharmacy Arvind Sharma1 et al 2014 conducted a cross-sectional study which was carried out among patients attending outpatient department of tertiary care hospital, MadyaPradesh to assess the patient satisfaction regarding the services provided in outpatient departments. Majority of the patients were satisfied with availability of services, professional care, waiting time, behaviour of consultant, nurses, paramedical staff and other staff. With regard to waiting time, getting OPD slip has high satisfaction level along with time to reach consultation room. Half of the respondents are satisfied with the getting medicine from pharmacy department. Most of the patients told that 56% of consultants take less than 5 min. for examination and 34% take 5- 15 min. A study was done by Clifford Bluestein et al 2014 to analyse the impact of waiting time on patient satisfaction scores. The results shows that there is an association between longer waiting time and patient satisfaction are negatively associated. The longer waiting time for availing services have negative impact on patient satisfaction and confidence on care providers. KS Prasanna et al 2015 conducted a cross sectional study on the Outpatient Department of a medical college at Mangalore regarding the services provided in the OPD. The study focussed were in terms of clinical care, availability of services, waiting time. It is found that mean time required for consultation was 46.5 Â ± 20.9 min. Clinical care was found to be more satisfied by the respondent. Dissatisfaction were mostly reported with the waiting time in pharmacy for receiving drugs But when the time spent in pharmacy was analysed, it was considered that it was not significantly satisfactory. Ranjeeta Kumari, MZ Idris et al 2015, conducted a study among all the modern health facilities of Lucknow district at the tertiary level, secondary level, and the primary level. Its main objective is to determine the areas of dissatisfaction among the patients and suggest methods for improvement. Average waiting time in a territory hospital were 30 min. Accessibility of service was another concern for 42% patients.64%reported satisfied with duration of staying OPD, regarding signboard 46.6% reported as satisfied.

rates of chemical reactions- lo3 questions

rates of chemical reactions- lo3 questions Rates of Chemical Reactions- LO3 Questions 1.1 Two Grand-Pa tablets would have the same effect as one Grand-Pa powder this is because Grand-Pa Headache Tablets each contain, Aspirin: 226,8mg, Paracetamol: 162,0mg and Caffeine: 32,4mg where as Grand-Pa Headache Powders each contain Aspirin: 453,6mg, Paracetamol: 324,0 mg and Caffeine: 64,8 mg thus to obtain the same dosage of ingredients, twice the dosage, thus one would have to take two tablets to equal one powder. 1.2 Drinking them with warm water will allow for a faster reaction rate thus allowing the effect of the pain killer to work faster. Also, if the powder is dissolved into a small amount of water then the solution will be more concentrated and will therefore be able to get to work in a more effective manner quicker, which will allow for the powder to work quicker in relief of pain. 1.3 The granules in the powder have a larger combined surface area than that of a tablet, which results in a reaction with the water to be done quicker with the powder for, resultant of the larger exposed surface area of the granules, more reactions occur/are allowed to occur at a quicker rate between the reacting particles. The tablet, being comprised of compounded granules together, the collisions between the reacting particles is limited for the surface area of one whole tablet is less than the combined surface area of granules. Therefore less reactions are allowed/do occur, therefore the powders provide faster relief than the tablets for they react faster with the water and thus will work faster in supplying pain relief. 1.4Total: 453.6mg+324.0mg+64.8mg=842.4mg Aspirin: (453.6mg/842.4mg) * 100/1=53.85% Paracetemol: (324.0mg/842.4mg)*100/1=38.46% Caffeine: (64.8mg/842.4mg)*100/1=7.69% 1.5 Symptoms of Overdose Aspirin: These include dizziness, tinnitus, sweating, nausea, vomiting, mental confusion, hyperventilation, respiratory alkalosis, metabolic acidosis, ketosis and depression of the central nervous system. In children serious signs of overdosage may develop rapidly. May include: burning pain in the throat/stomach, confusion, mental/mood changes, fainting, weakness, ringing in the ears, fever, rapid breathing, change in the amount of urine, seizures and loss of consciousness. Paracetamol: Liver damage which may be fatal may only appear after a few days. Symptoms of overdosage include nausea and vomiting. Acute intoxication causes kidney failure. Pallor, nausea, vomiting, anorexia and abdominal pain. Liver damage may become apparent 12 to 48 hours after ingestion. Abnormalities of glucose metabolism and metabolic acidosis may occur. In severe poisoning: hepatic failure may progress to encephalopathy, haemorrhage, cerebral endema (brain swelling), and death. Cardiac arrhythmias and pancreatitis have been reported. Caffeine: Large doses may cause restlessness, excitement, muscle tremor, tinnitus, scintillating scotoma, tachycardia, extrasystoles, restlessness, nervousness, excitement, insomnia, flushed face, dieresis (frequent urination), gastrointestinal disturbance, muscle twitches, rambling flow of thought and speech, tachycardia or cardiac arythmia (fluctuating heart patterns), periods of inexhaustibility (continuous awareness) and psychomotor agitation ( trouble sitting still and being calm). 1.6 I would advise them not to, because they are already coffee addicts they are probably taking in a lot of caffeine already thus to take the Grand-Pa powders would increase their risk of an overdose. It also has the ability to enhance the effects of paracetamol and aspirin so not only will the caffeine have an effect on the persons body in an overdose situation, but the other contents of the Grand-Pa powders, namely the aspirin and the paracetamol will also have an effect on the body, and the combination of all three of them in an overdose situation will result in certain kidney failure and death resultantly. 2.1 The surface area of wood flour is great, because it is composed of grains which are very small this would cause for a large, sudden explosive effect should the cigarette ignition come into contact with the wood flour. The concentration of the reactants (the wood flour) is great having the granules that are very small and in piles together. Should the ignition/flame from the cigarette come into contact with the piles of the wood flour an explosive effect, resultant of the concentration of the wood flour. The application of the heat to the piles of wood flour will result in the reaction, for the increase in heat will result in a reaction and will work in supplying the sudden reaction of the wood flour parts. The smoking of a cigarette is also banned because cigarette ash can serve as a catalyst and when coming into contact and mixing with wood flour it can become a highly volatile blend. The owners of these mills do not wish to lose their supply and suffer damages to their faciliti es thus; they prohibit people from smoking or bringing fire or ignited material into the mill. A dust explosion is the explosive combustion of a dust suspended in air in an enclosed location, which results in harmful effects of overpressure, thermal radiation, and ensuing projectiles. Many materials which are commonly known to combust can generate a dust explosion, such as coal, sawdust, and magnesium. However, many otherwise mundane materials can also lead to a dangerous dust cloud such as grain, flour, sugar, powdered milk and pollen. Mining of coal leads to coal dust and flour mills likewise have large amounts of flour dust as a result of milling. A similar problem occurs in saw mills and other places dedicated to carpentry. The dust must also consist of very small particles, where the surface area is very large, and so will support combustion. Dust is defined as powders with particles less than about 500 micrometres in diameter, but finer dust will present a much greater hazard than coarse particles by virtue of the larger surface area. There are five necessary conditions for a dust explosion: A combustible dust; (Flour or Wood Flour) The dust is suspended in the air at a proper concentration; (Possible) There is an oxidant (typically atmospheric oxygen); (Possible) The dust is confined; (Yes) There is an ignition source. (Provided by cigarette) Thus there is a high risk of a dust explosion already and the cigarette would just complete the necessary conditions by providing an ignition source. 2.2.1 Use of Oxidant Concentration Reduction Use of Deflagration venting through a dust retention and flame-arresting device 2.2.2 Use of Deflagration venting Use of Deflagration pressure containment Use of Deflagration suppression Use of masks to ensure the reduction of the inhalation of the wood flour. 2.3 1. As an absorbent Absorbent qualities are utilized in cleansers to remove unwanted water, oils, or greases from such articles as delicate machinery parts, jewellery, and furs, or to carry cleansing, poisonous, or other chemical agents to an object. In the manufacture of dynamite, the extreme sensitivity of the explosive agent can be reduced to safe levels by solidifying the liquid nitro-glycerine by absorbing it in a solid medium such a3 wood flour. 2. As decorative material Wood flour is used decoratively in the production of â€Å"oatmeal† and â€Å"velvet† wallpapers, where decoration by design and texture is provided by wood flour, coloured as desired, onto a prepared paper surf ace. 3.1Iron (a porous iron catalyst prepared by reducing magnetite, Fe3O4) Osmium is a much better catalyst for the reaction but is very expensive. 3.2 A catalyst such as an iron catalyst is used to speed up the reaction by lowering the activation energy so that the N2 bonds and H2 bonds can be more readily broken. The catalyst has no affect whatsoever on the position of the equilibrium. Adding a catalyst doesnt produce any greater percentage of ammonia in the equilibrium mixture. Its only function is to speed up the reaction. In the absence of a catalyst the reaction is so slow that virtually no reaction happens in any sensible time. The catalyst ensures that the reaction is fast enough for a dynamic equilibrium to be set up within the very short time that the gases are actually in the reactor. Catalysts lower the activation energy in a reaction by holding particles onto their surface and pointing them into the right direction for a product to form, which in this case is Ammonia. This catalyst, Iron (Fe3O4) , is used for it is ideal for allowing the nitrogen (N2 (g) ) and hydrogen (3H2 (g) )reactants to react and form the produ cts which entails Ammonia (2NH3 (l) ) rapidly. 3.3Ammonia; NH3 (l) 3.4 Fertilizer: Approximately 83% (as of 2003) of ammonia is used as fertilizers either as its salts or as solutions. Consuming more than 1% of all man-made power, the production of ammonia is a significant component of the world energy budget. Cleaner: Household ammonia is a general purpose cleaner that can be used on many surfaces. Because ammonia results in a relatively streak-free shine, one of its most common uses is to clean glass, porcelain and stainless steel. It is also frequently used for cleaning ovens and soaking items to loosen baked-on or caked-on grime. As a fuel: Ammonia was used during World War II to power buses in Belgium, and in engine and solar energy applications prior to 1900. Liquid ammonia was used as the fuel of the rocket airplane, the X-15. Although not as powerful as other fuels, it left no soot in the reusable rocket engine and its density approximately matches that for the oxidizer, liquid oxygen, which simplified the aircrafts design.

The Physics of Archery Essay -- Shooting Sports Hobbies Papers

The Physics of Archery There are not many activities out there that relax and soothe me quite like shooting my bow. It is not as simple as it sounds though, just pulling on the string, releasing the string, and watching the arrow fly towards your target. There are a number of aspects that must be taken into consideration when trying to shoot a bow and arrow efficiently, this is where we will get into the physics of archery. There are two main things to consider when looking at archery and the physics concepts behind it. First there is the bow, which basically is a device that uses human force over a distance and converts that into stored Mechanical Potential Energy. The second factor involves that stored Mechanical Energy being converted once again into Kinetic Energy when the string is released, almost all of that Kinetic Energy is transferred into the released arrow. Another way to look at a bow is in respect to a spring, a bow is almost like a spring that is storing energy that is to be transferred into the arrow once the string is released. To realize the amount of force that is applied from the bow we must look at a number of ideas and concepts. For this application we will use only a Recurve bow or a Reflex bow, which basically is a long piece of wood with a rigid handle and two flexible limbs that are â€Å"recurved† away from the archer. Then those limbs are simply pulled back towards the archer by the means of a string or number of strings. There are also a number of other bow concepts we could look at, for instance the compound bow or even the crossbow. The compound bow is similar in design except that it uses cams, pulleys, and mechanical levers to produce a greater amount of stored energy with a less amount o... ...or a smaller size of vanes. So just as I said before, shooting a bow is much more than just simply pulling on the string, letting the string go, and watching your arrow fly towards the target. There is a lot more physics that come into play when shooting than those simple ideas stated in the previous sentence. My only advice to anyone who is interested in shooting a bow and arrow accurately and having fun at the same time would be to practice, practice, practice, and practice! Good luck, be careful, and have fun. Works Cited: Easton, Larry, Basic Concepts of Archery, 1999 Kirkpatrick, Larry; Wheeler, Gerald, Physics A World View, fourth edition. 2001 Ratcliff, Perry; Archers Advantage, 1999 http://www.archersadvantage.com Rees, Gareth, Stortford Archery Club, The Physics of Medieval Archery, 1995 http://www.stortford-archers.org.uk/medieval.com

Physiological Responses to distance treadmill running :: essays research papers

Exercise: Distance Treadmill Running When we are challenged with any physical task, the human body responds through a series of integrated changes in function that involve most, if not all, of its physiologic systems. Movement requires activation and control of the musculoskeletal system; the cardiovascular and respiratory systems provide the ability to sustain this movement over extended periods. Physiological Responses: From experience I know that while on the treadmill before long my chest is heaving, my lungs are bursting, my heart is pounding, I get hot, sweat profusely, and the previously coordinated movement of my limbs start to falter; my muscles ache and my brain tells me to stop. Within minutes of starting this strenuous exercise the body temperature can rise by several degrees Celsius, and activation of thermoregulatory heat loss mechanisms (principally sweating and opening up of skin blood vessels) becomes essential in order to keep the body as cool as possible. Certainly, exercise is a challenge to homeostasis. Heart rate increases to pump more blood to the muscles all over the body which are working harder. Therefore, your cardiac output increases. The heart rate and the cardiac output are proportional to each other. www.medicdirectsport.com detailed that  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The energy requirements of muscle during exercise are met not only by an alteration in intramuscular metabolism, but also by integrated activity of the cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine and nervous systems.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The body produces lactic acid whenever it breaks down carbohydrates for energy. We use energy when we exercise therefore lactic acid is produced when we exercise. www.cytosport.com detailed that  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"When the body makes lactic acid, it splits into lactate ion (lactate) and hydrogen ion.

Managers :: Business, Transformational Leadership

Organizations need managers who are innovators because they offer the organization a competitive advantage and economic growth in a time of increased worldwide competition, technological revolution and fast shifting market situations (Damanpour, & Schneider, 2006). Innovative managers are good in adapting to new environments conditions because they form the organizational culture. Furthermore, they motivate and enable fellow managers or employees to build the capacity for change to occur. Organizations need to have many innovative managers because they have a positive attitude toward competition and entrepreneurship at the work place. Moreover, a manager’s capacity to innovate in an organization is positively associated with organizational climate (2006). Gumusluoglu, & Ilsev (2009) also states that organization needs to have many innovative mangers because they develop new and better products and services. Organization needs to have managers who are not afraid to take risk f or innovation to occur (Hancer, Ozturk, & Ayyildiz, 2009). A manager position permits other employees to gather and engage innovative thoughts from both the inside and outside the organization (2009). Organizations that have employees that trust each other are more likely to succeed (Simmons, 2002). This is because trust is the expectations or beliefs about likelihood that fellow employee’s actions will be beneficial or at least not harmful to his/her interests. Furthermore, an organization cannot succeed if the manager is not trusted because he/she will have extensive difficulties in establishing any trust with his/her fellow employees. Moreover, this can result in negatively affecting the organization culture and productivity (2002). Trust is very important for an organization because it explains the managers or employees organizational activities such as their â€Å"leadership, ethical behavior, teamwork, goal setting, performance appraisal, development labor relations and negations† (Andersen, 2005, p.396). This is because trust largely is contingent on the mutual confidence that no side in the relationship will exploit the susceptibility of each other (2005). Lastly, when employees perceived that their manager do not trust them, they start to mistrust the manager in a cycle of reciprocity (2002). Organizations need managers with integrity because they foster organizational compliance and create a positive environment within the organization (Verhezen, 2008). Furthermore, managers with integrity have a good moral character, are sincere, honest, and more likely to stick with their values (2008). A positive staff perception of a manager's leadership is associated with better job satisfaction and workforce retention (Jeon, Glasgow, Merlyn, & Sansoni, 2010).

Test Cricket

Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of 11 players on a field at the centre of which is a rectangular 22-yard long pitch. Each team takes it in turn to bat, attempting to score runs, while the other team fields. Each turn is known as an innings. The bowler delivers the ball to the batsman who attempts to hit the ball with his bat far enough for him to run to the other end of the pitch and score a run. Each batsman continues batting until he is out. The batting team continues batting until ten batsmen are out, at which point the teams switch roles and the fielding team comes in to bat.In professional cricket the length of a game ranges from 20 overs of six bowling deliveries per side toTest cricket played over five days. The Laws of Cricket are maintained by the International Cricket Council (ICC) and the Marylebone Cricket Club(MCC) with additional Standard Playing Conditions for Test matches and One Day Internationals. [1]Cricket was first played in southern Engla nd in the 16th century. By the end of the 18th century, it had developed into the national sport of England.The expansion of the British Empire led to cricket being played overseas and by the mid-19th century the first international matches were being held. The ICC, the game's governing body, has 10 full members. [2]The game is most popular in Australasia, England, the Indian subcontinent, the West Indies and Southern Africa. History Main article: History of cricketEarly cricket was at some time or another described as â€Å"a club striking a ball (like) the ancient games of club-ball, stool-ball, trap-ball, stob-ball†. [3] Cricket can definitely be traced back to Tudor times in early 16th-century England.Written evidence exists of a game known as creag being played by Prince Edward, the son of Edward I (Longshanks), at Newenden, Kent in 1301[4] and there has been speculation, but no evidence, that this was a form of cricket. A number of other words have been suggested as sou rces for the term â€Å"cricket†. In the earliest definite reference to the sport in 1598,[5] it is called creckett. Given the strong medieval trade connections between south-east England and the County of Flanders when the latter belonged to the Duchy of Burgundy, the name may have been derived from the Middle Dutch[6] krick(-e), meaning a stick(crook); or the Old English cricc or cryce meaning a crutch or staff. [7] In Old French, the word criquetseems to have meant a kind of club or stick. [8] InSamuel Johnson's Dictionary, he derived cricket from â€Å"cryce, Saxon, a stick†. [9] Another possible source is the Middle Dutch word krickstoel, meaning a long low stool used for kneeling in church and which resembled the long low wicket with twostumps used in early cricket.According to Heiner Gillmeister, a European language expert of Bonn University, â€Å"cricket† derives from the Middle Dutch phrase for hockey, met de (krik ket)sen (i. e. , â€Å"with the stic k chase†). [11] Dr Gillmeister believes that not only the name but the sport itself is of Flemish origin. [12]The first English touring team on board ship atLiverpool in 1859The earliest definite reference to cricket being played in England (and hence anywhere) is in evidence given at a 1598 court case which mentions that â€Å"creckett† was played on common land inGuildford, Surrey, around 1550.The court in Guildford heard on Monday, 17 January 1597 (Julian date, equating to the year 1598 in the Gregorian calendar) from a 59 year-old coroner,John Derrick, who gave witness that when he was a scholar at the â€Å"Free School at Guildford†, fifty years earlier, â€Å"hee and diverse of his fellows did runne and play [on the common land] at creckett and other plaies. â€Å"[13][14] It is believed that it was originally a children's game but references around 1610[14]indicate that adults had started playing it and the earliest reference to inter-parish or village c ricketoccurs soon afterwards.In 1624, a player calledJasper Vinall was killed when he was struck on the head during a match between two parish teams in Sussex. [15]During the 17th century, numerous references indicate the growth of cricket in the south-east of England. By the end of the century, it had become an organised activity being played for high stakes and it is believed that the first professionals appeared in the years following the Restoration in 1660. A newspaper report survives of â€Å"a great cricket match† with eleven players a side that was played for high stakes in Sussex in 1697 and this is the earliest known reference to a cricket match of such importance.The game underwent major development in the 18th century and became the national sport of England. Betting played a major part in that development with rich patrons forming their own â€Å"select XIs†. Cricket was prominent in London as early as 1707 and large crowds flocked to matches on the Artill ery Ground in Finsbury. The single wicket form of the sport attracted huge crowds and wagers to match. Bowling evolved around 1760 when bowlers began to pitch the ball instead of rolling or skimming it towards the batsman.This caused a revolution in bat design because, to deal with the bouncing ball, it was necessary to introduce the modern straight bat in place of the old â€Å"hockey stick† shape. TheHambledon Club was founded in the 1760s and, for the next 20 years until the formation of MCC and the opening of Lord's Old Ground in 1787, Hambledon was both the game's greatest club and its focal point. MCC quickly became the sport's premier club and the custodian of the Laws of Cricket.New Laws introduced in the latter part of the 18th century included the three stump wicket and leg before wicket (lbw). Don Bradman of Australia had a Test average of 99. 94 and an overall first-class average of 95. 14, records unmatched by any other player. [16]The 19th century saw underarm b owling replaced by first roundarm and then overarm bowling. Both developments were controversial. Organisation of the game at county level led to the creation of the county clubs, starting with Sussex CCC in 1839, which ultimately formed the official County Championship in 1890.Meanwhile, the British Empire had been instrumental in spreading the game overseas and by the middle of the 19th century it had become well established in India, North America, the Caribbean, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In 1844, the first international cricket match took place between theUnited States and Canada (although neither has ever been ranked as a Test-playing nation). Sachin Tendulkar of Indiawas rated by Wisden Cricketers' Almanack in 2002 as the second greatest Test batsman of all time, behind Don Bradman.In 1859, a team of England players went on the first overseas tour (to North America). The first Australian team to tour overseas was a team ofAboriginal stockmen who travelled to Eng land in 1868 to play matches against county teams. [17] In 1862, an English team made the first tour of Australia and in 1876–77, an England team took part in the first-ever Test match at the Melbourne Cricket Ground against Australia. W. G. Grace started his long career in 1865; his career is often said to have revolutionised the sport.The rivalry between England and Australia gave birth to The Ashes in 1882 and this has remained Test cricket's most famous contest[citation needed]. Test cricket began to expand in 1888–89 when South Africa played England. The last two decades before the First World War have been called the â€Å"Golden Age of cricket†. It is a nostalgic name prompted by the collective sense of loss resulting from the war, but the period did produce some great players and memorable matches, especially as organised competition at county and Test level developed.The inter-war years were dominated by one player: Australia's Don Bradman, statisticall y the greatest batsman of all time. It was the determination of the England team to overcome his skill that brought about the infamous Bodyline series in 1932–33, particularly from the accurate short-pitched bowling of Harold Larwood. Test cricket continued to expand during the 20th century with the addition of the West Indies, India, and New Zealand before the Second World War and then Pakistan, Sri Lanka, andBangladesh in the post-war period.However, South Africa was banned from international cricket from 1970 to 1992 because of its government's apartheidpolicy. Cricket entered a new era in 1963 when English counties introduced the limited overs variant. As it was sure to produce a result, limited overs cricket was lucrative and the number of matches increased. The first Limited Overs International was played in 1971. The governing International Cricket Council(ICC) saw its potential and staged the first limited overs Cricket World Cup in 1975. In the 21st century, a new li mited overs form, Twenty20, has made an immediate impact.

Living in a Global Society Rubric

Living in a Global Society Integrated Unit Assignment and Rubric/Feedback Sheet Description: Teacher candidates will develop an instructional unit based on a realistic fiction trade book. Additional information: 1. The selected trade book will have part or all of its setting in a country other than the United States of America. 2. The unit will display integration of language arts (English usage, writing/composition, and spelling), reading (comprehension and fluency), math, science, social studies, the arts, physical education, and student use of technology. . The arts, physical education, and technology will need to be integrated into only one lesson each somewhere within your unit. These do not need to be done on a daily basis. b. Language arts, reading, math, science, social studies will need to be integrated into each day’s instructional planning. 3. Learning activities need to incorporate at least three of the five following items: a. Culture and cultural diversity b. Tim e, continuity, and change c. Economic, scientific, and technological development d. Individuals, groups, and institutions . Civic ideals and practice of the country that is the setting of the book 4. The integrated unit will cover three complete days’ instruction. Local pacing guides are not to be taken into account. The three days of instruction will be done on Plan Book Sheets. Please indicate content areas that are being integrated. 5. All appropriate standards for each integrated lesson are to be listed. 6. Template for submitting on following page. 7. One full day’s instruction will also be developed using the Blueprint Lesson Plan format.Candidates will pick any one of the three days developed on Plan Book Sheets as the day that also gets Lesson Plans. 8. Candidates will have an individual checkpoint meeting with their instructor to ensure appropriate progress is being made towards completion of this assignment. 9. Candidates will bring a copy of their Rubric/Res ponse Sheet for Individual Unit Meetings to their unit meeting with starred items completed before meeting 10. Completed unit assignments will be submitted in a zip bag on a flash drive with rubric.After any editing, the candidate will upload finalized version to Task Stream. 11. Please email questions to me at emily. [email  protected] edu ELE 4030: Living in a Global Society Plan Book Sheet for Unit Assignment Trade book used and grade level of instruction: Snow Treasure by Marie McSwigan – Grade 4 Instructional day: (Circle appropriate one) Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Focus for this day: Introduction of Story – Vocabulary, Geography, Science and Math Content area (s) addressed in this lesson: Reading, Writing , Geography, Social Studies , Science and MathReado ELE 4030: Living in a Global Society Plan Book Sheet for Unit Assignment Trade book used and grade level of instruction: Snow Treasure by Marie McSwigan – Grade 4 Instructional day: (Circle appropriate one) Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Focus for this day: Continuation of Story – Comprehension, Geography, Science and Math Content area (s) addressed in this lesson: Reading, Writing , Geography, Social Studies , Science and Math Reado ELE 4030: Living in a Global Society Plan Book Sheet for Unit AssignmentTrade book used and grade level of instruction: Snow Treasure by Marie McSwigan – Grade 4 Instructional day: (Circle appropriate one) Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Focus for this day: Conclusion of Story – Comprehension, Geography, Science and Math Content area (s) addressed in this lesson: Reading, Writing , Geography, Social Studies , Science and Math Reado The University of North Carolina at Pembroke School of Education – Teacher Education ELE 4030: Living in a Global Society Integrated Unit Assignment and Rubric/Feedback Sheet Candidate: | |Aspect of Assignment | Possible points | |Cover sheet (Candidate’s name, course, semester & year, Integrated Unit based on †¦ (na me of trade book), level of |-10 if missing or | |instruction |incomplete | |Plan book sheet completeness & clarity |10 | |Lesson plans in Elementary Lesson Plan Format, completeness, and clarity |10 | |Curriculum integration |10 | |Language arts strategies |10 | |Reading strategies |10 | |Math strategies |10 | |Science strategies |10 |Social studies strategies |10 | |Arts strategies |5 | |Physical education strategies |5 | |Student use of technology |5 | |Developmental appropriateness |5 | |Total points earned out of 100 & Instructor comments | | | |/100 | | | | University of North Carolina at Pembroke School of Education – Elementary Education Department Rubric/Response Sheet for Individual Unit Meetings **Candidate: Cristy Prince | |**Book used & author: Snow Treasure by Marie McSwigan | |**Appointment day & time: Tuesday, October 11, 2011 at 4:00 p. m. | |Aspect of Assignment |Possible Points | |On time for appointment |10 | |One day’s Plan Book Sheets | 20 | |Three Lesson Plans in Elementary Lesson Plan Format |20 | |Curriculum Integration 20 | |Meshing of activities with appropriate standards |20 | |Clarity/precise language |10 | | |100 | |Subtotal | | |Rubric not provided by candidate |-15 | |Rubric provided but starred items not completed |-15 | | | | |Total | | Comments: ———————– Standards/Competencies: English Language Arts – Goal 1: The learner will apply enabling strategies and skills to read and write. Goal 2: The learner will apply strategies and skills to comprehend text that is read, heard, and viewed. Goal 3: The learner will make connections with text through the use of oral language, written language, and media and technology.Goal 4: The learner will apply strategies and skills to create oral, visual and written texts. Goal 5: The learner will apply grammar and language conventions to communicate effectively. Social Studies – Goal 2: The learn er will examine the importance of the role of ethnic groups and examine the multiple roles they have played in the development of North Carolina. Science – Goal 1: The learner will make observations and conduct investigations to build an understanding of animal behavior and adaptation. Math – Goal 1: Number and Operations – The learner will read, write, model, and compute with non-negative rational numbers. Activities/Strategies: We will begin the day with the reading of Snow Treasure by Marie McSwigan.The teacher will read aloud the first 10 chapters, stopping along the way to introduce vocabulary (Norway, Norse, kroner, Nazi, etc. ) and geography (Norway, the Arctic Circle, Poland, Germany, Britain, and France). The day’s activities will also include a summary written by the students on what has been read to them thus far. They will be asked to begin to think what role the Norse have played in the development of our country and what, if any, they have p layed in our state. We will also discuss how both humans and animals adapt to such a cold, harsh climate. During math, we will continue talking about Norway and their system of currency. We will work on currency conversions, starting with a basic lesson and then moving on to using the web site www. xe. om to practice further. We will further this concept in the computer lab in the afternoon with www. ixl. com. Standards/Competencies: English Language Arts – Goal 1: The learner will apply enabling strategies and skills to read and write. Goal 2: The learner will apply strategies and skills to comprehend text that is read, heard, and viewed. Goal 3: The learner will make connections with text through the use of oral language, written language, and media and technology. Goal 4: The learner will apply strategies and skills to create oral, visual and written texts. Goal 5: The learner will apply grammar and language conventions to communicate effectively.Social Studies – Go al 2: The learner will examine the importance of the role of ethnic groups and examine the multiple roles they have played in the development of North Carolina. Science – Goal 1: The learner will make observations and conduct investigations to build an understanding of animal behavior and adaptation. Math – Goal 1: Number and Operations – The learner will read, write, model, and compute with non-negative rational numbers. Activities/Strategies: We will begin the day with the reading of Snow Treasure by Marie McSwigan. The teacher will read aloud chapters 11-20, stopping along the way to introduce any new vocabulary and/or geography. The day’s activities will also include a summary written by the students on what has been read to them thus far.They will be asked to revisit our discussion about what role the Norse have played in the development of our country and what, if any, they have played in our state. We will also discuss what animals indigenous to ou r country could survive in Norway. During math, we will continue talking about Norway and how they moved their gold from the cave to the Snake. We will work on word problems that revisit such a conundrum to figure what it would take to move amounts from site to site. We will further this concept in the computer lab in the afternoon with www. ixl. com. Standards/Competencies: English Language Arts – Goal 1: The learner will apply enabling strategies and skills to read and write. Goal 2: The learner will apply strategies and skills to comprehend text that is read, heard, and viewed.Goal 3: The learner will make connections with text through the use of oral language, written language, and media and technology. Goal 4: The learner will apply strategies and skills to create oral, visual and written texts. Goal 5: The learner will apply grammar and language conventions to communicate effectively. Social Studies – Goal 2: The learner will examine the importance of the role of ethnic groups and examine the multiple roles they have played in the development of North Carolina. Science – Goal 1: The learner will make observations and conduct investigations to build an understanding of animal behavior and adaptation. Math – Goal 4: Data Analysis and Probability – The learner will understand and use graphs, probability, and data analysis.Healthful Living Education – Goal 6: The learner will demonstrate competency in a variety of movement forms and proficiency in a few to gain competence towards lifetime physical activities (NASPE Standard 1). Activities/Strategies: We will begin the day with the reading of Snow Treasure by Marie McSwigan. The teacher will read aloud chapters 21-30, stopping along the way to introduce any new vocabulary and/or geography. The day’s activities will also include a summary written by the students on what has been read to them thus far. They will be asked to revisit our discussion about what role the Norse have played in the development of our country and what, if any, they have played in our state.Students will be asked to draw pictures of what adaptations they believe that we as North Carolinians would need to make to survive in Norway. In this picture, they will also draw a picture of their favorite NC indigenous animal with their adaptations. During math, we will wrap up our discussion on Norway with a Venn diagram comparing and contrasting the Norse with Americans. We will further this with a bar graph of what students believe to be attributes common to both countries. To wrap-up our journey into Norway, we will practice our â€Å"sled-moves† during recess. The students will work both individually as well as in pairs to come up with the most original slalom.

American Indians

American Indians is a term that is used to refer to people whose have Indian roots but are American citizen or live in America. This citizenship is a result of early migrations of people from their mother land in search of greener fields in the United States. However, these people were not appreciated by indigenous Americans in the 18th century since they were seen be inferior compared to indigenous Americans. Short essay 1 The long term study preferred by social cultural anthropologist can be the most effective in deciding someone’s culture.This is because a long term study would address changes that occur in long period of time in a society. Cultures do change with time and so along time study could be used in solving this. This experience that is gotten in the field makes the anthropologists come into direct contact with the issues in the society and this makes them write exactly what is on the since they experience it themselves. It’s worthy noting that this approac h is totally different from that used by a journalist or a historian.Historians and journalists do not get into that direct contact with the society and so they do not get the real idea like the anthropologists. Journalist’s historians do not spend much time studying the cultures of a particular society and in most cases they study or rely on the findings of other people. Short essay 2 According to Horseman the new racial ideology of the 19th century are racial ideologies that are supported by the principles of free democratic republicanism other than innate superiority of the American Anglo-Saxon group of people who were of Caucasian race.The previous ideologies placed American Anglo-Saxons a class above other races and they believed that they were destined to bring good governance, commercial prosperity as well as Christianity to America and to the world at large. This meant that the other races were inferior and they were reduced to a subordinate status failure to which th ey were faced with a possibility of racial extinction. This new racial ideology was very different from the earlier Euro-American view of Indians. Previously, both American and Europeans took some races to be superior to others for different reasons.These reasons included biblical theories and they followed these theories despite their inconsistencies and their contradictions since they believed that they had a special continental and world mission to accomplish as a race. Both Americans and Europeans both shared a belief in the political and individual freedoms as well as a need for uniqueness in language and racial origins unlike the new racial ideology which advocated for free democratic republicanism. In the 19th and 20th century, these views towards American Indians did not change either since they were subject to enslavement.At this time, many social scientists thought that native people were inferior to the Native Americans and so were subject to them and they went ahead to p rovide the much needed scientific proof for racial distinctions. During this time also, many government officials too felt that it was the descendant of the Anglo-Saxons who played great roles in the establishment of free government and hence the justification for their superiority altitude. Due to this, the government passed policies that bound the immigrants to conform to the prevailing political, economic and social systems .These new polices from the American government led to the justification of sufferings and deaths of blacks, Mexicans and even Indians since any feelings of guilty which would come afterwards could be assuaged by assumptions of both historical and scientific inevitability. The general public also felt that Americans were the people who were destined to shape the destiny of the world and the other races were inferior and were doomed to permanent subordination or risk facing extinction. Lastly it’s worthy noting that the representation of native people he ld by social scientists, early anthropologists, the U.S. government, and the American public are not contradictory since they seem to place them high above all the other races in all aspects of life. Short essay 3 The Indian country is today faced with an uphill task of determining who true Indians are and who are not. This task has not been easy since it has been surrounded by a lot of controversies. Many criteria’s have been proposed as the best to apply when determining who the true Indians are. First, there are those who believe that the true measure of how Indian one is through the amount of ‘Indian blood’ in them.This criteria has been largely criticized since some people argue that there no true measure of the Indian blood that is present in someone since there are people who are born of one Asian parent while the other parent is from anther ethnic group. Secondly, there are others who believe that the true marker of a true Indian identity should be geneal ogy, private property and competence in civilization. This group of people argues that the true evidence of a true Indian should be based mostly on shared history between a person and other people who are known to be of an Indian background.Social ties with people from Indian or who have Indian blood in them could be acceptable as a true claim to one being an Indian. This means that one needed to trace his ancestors and prove that his roots are Indian by tracing his ancestors. Attachment to Indian culture was proposed to be criteria too for determining who true Indian was. This required someone to be aware of all cultural believes and behaviors of the Indian people. Early practices like hunting and others were argued to be very effective criteria for identifying who real Indians were.The ability to communicate in traditional Indian language was also advocated for by the people who shared this view. This controversy in the best criteria for separating true Indians and fake ones has b een a big challenge to the Indian country since there still need for identifying who the true Indians. The American government is responsible for determining whether one is an American Indian or a Native American. The blood quantum criterion is used by the American government in the administration of Indian schools and land allotments.In census reports, this method of separating Indians and non Indians is applied. The society also can decide who a true Indian is through the application of cultural believes of indigenous Indians as well as their life styles. Scholars have not been left behind either and they too can use their knowledge and principles to differentiate between the two. The federal government of America uses several methods in determining whether someone is a Native American or not. Blood quantum is one of these criteria’s and it applies the idea of determining how much of American blood a person has in their body.In America, there is a settlement that is set asi de for people of Indian origin. Any new person who may claim to be an Indian must have a proof of relationship with the already settled Indians in this land allocated to people of Indian backgrounds. The ability of some one to speak in Indian language and display cultural practices of Indians are acceptable by the federal government as true claims for an Indian. These criteria’s that are used by the government are not very different from those used by Native Americans in determining who a true Indian is.To begin with, the native communities look mostly at the cultural connection between a person and the community in question. This criterion requires someone to practice Indian cultural practices and have some ties with well known Indian families. Physical appearances as well as the ability to communicate in Indian languages are used too. Non-native Americans on their side, identify the native ones by the kind of lifestyles they lead. The language they communicate in as well as their accent too. This identity of ones race is very important in many ways.First, it’s used by the federal government in allocation of many services like education and social welfare. All these efforts in trying to determine who true Indians are pits at risk the identity of persons who are of a mixed ancestry because it makes them feel that they belong nowhere. All socialcultural anthropologies ideas have not offered any solution to solve this problem. People may have mixed ancestry hence making it hard to pick out their true identity. References 1. Deloria, Vine (1969) Custer Died for Your Sins: an Indian Manifesto, New York: Macmillan.2. Calloway, Colin G. , (1995) The American Revolution in Indian Country: Crisis and Diversity in Native American Communities ,Cambridge University Press 3. O’Donnell, James, (1973) Southern Indians in the American Revolution ,University of Tennessee Press 4. Hirschfelder, Arlene B. ; Byler, Mary G. ; & Dorris, Michael (1983) Guide to research on North American Indians, American Library Association 5. Johnston, Eric F. (2003). The Life of the Native American. Atlanta, Tradewinds Press 6. Jones, Peter N.(2005 Respect for the Ancestors: American Indian Cultural Affiliation in the American West, Boulder, CO: Bauu Press 7. Nichols, Roger L. (1998) Indians in the United States & Canada, A Comparative History, University of Nebraska Press 8. Snipp, C. M. (1989). American Indians: The first of this land, New York: Russell Sage Foundation. 9. Sturtevant, William C. (Ed. ). (1978) Handbook of North American Indians , Smithsonian Institution 10. Tiller, Veronica E (1992) Discover Indian Reservations USA: A Visitors' Welcome Guide. Council Publications, Denver, Colorado