Luminultra company Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Luminultra company - Assignment Example stomer traction for LuminUltra technologies may involve internet-marketing techniques such as search engine optimization that is aimed at the targeted segments of the market. This should involve strong highlights of the comparative advantage of these technologies and their levels of effectiveness in providing business solutions across the different categories of the market where they are applicable. Some of the strong selling points that could help in gaining customer traction include the factors of speed, accuracy, and completeness in the process of determining microbiological activity (LuminUltra Technologies, 2004). These attributes should be highlighted in form of providing solutions to challenges associated with alternative forms of technology that operate within the same line of business. For instance, the company should impress on the customers the value of speed and effectiveness in minimizing the levels of risk while also reducing the costs that could have been incurred through alternative systems. Traction could also be gained by showcasing the different areas within which LuminUltra technologies apply. Generally, this could involve such areas as water treatment, biological wastewater treatment, chemical products, and industrial water products. Usually, many customers prefer relying on a single company for business solutions for the sake of convenience and consistency (Sandberg, 2008). In order to overcome the objections of the customers, it might be necessary to provide demonstrations and sufficient pieces of information that illustrate the efficiency in the mechanics involved. Further, the company could establish strategic partnerships with renowned service providers that operate in related, though not entirely similar line of business. Such strategies have proved efficient in winning the confidence of the markets for up-start businesses. Customer objections are usually based on the fear of the unknown. New technologies are often deemed disruptive to

Organizing Work Essay Example for Free

Organizing Work Essay McDonalds Corporation It has become clear to upper management that the way McDonald’s has been operating over the past decade is not helping in moving the company forward. Upper management feels that the company is falling behind, and changes must be made immediately. The changes need to start with how the organization is structured. Once proper changes in structure are made, it is believed that McDonald’s will then be able to implement plans that will lead McDonalds into a successful future. The purpose of this paper is to make recommendations as to what changes in organizational structure would help McDonalds become more sufficient. Along with changes in structure the paper will also determine what work needs to be done, how it is to be done, and the approach that should be used to bring success back into the organization. Recommendations There have recently been talks between upper management about making necessary structural changes to the McDonald’s organization here in the U.S. The first recommended change is eliminating levels of management. Numbers of the past have shown that the old traditional way of communication and barriers of so many levels of management had become a barrier to decision making (Jennings, Maze, 2014). The team agrees with this change and believes that the change should be implemented as soon as possible. The basis for this change is that it will help in bring the company closer to the customers. With so many layers of management it seems as if there is more time being spent arguing and talking to each other, rather than talking to the customer and making decisions. McDonald’s marketing has shown that they need to adapt to the current customer’s needs of what they want. McDonald’s  president has worked for McDonalds for the last ten years, and he has seen numbers drop drastically which means, it is time for change (Jennings, Maze, 2014). Essentially it is safe to say that McDonalds is losing its relationship with its customers. Another huge change that McDonalds has been thinking about is changing the number of divisions here in North America from three to four. It is believed that grouping the regions into four divisions, as well as eliminating some levels of management will allow for regional leaders to have more autonomy, and will allow leaders to set a menu based on the restaurants geographic location. According to the McDonald’s website, Jennings, Maze, (2014), â€Å"The changes are highlighted by the elimination of layers of management, giving leaders of its 22 U.S. regions more autonomy in setting the menus and making marketing decisions.† These changes will also allow McDonald’s leaders to restructure the menu to be more diverse to any one’s eating habit. They will be allowed to market more things on the menu than just burgers and fries. Change is good, and they are excited to embrace it. How to do Work Effectively Every organization has its’ own structure to follow. McDonald’s current structure is failing when it comes to the customers’ wants. This is why upper management has been talking about restructuring the design by dividing McDonald USA into four divisions. These divisions would include, Northeast, South, Central and West (Jargon, 2014). Each region would have a president in charge. Under each president there should be different types of managers who know the culture of each region. This will allow for the company to deliver the right product to the customers. They also need to remove some of the managerial levels because having too many managers’ results in decisions not being made. Eventually leading to a lack of growth in the business. McDonald needs to adapt according to the changes that are taking place in the world such as; the economy, competitors and technology. They need to have basic meals that fit all regions; in addition to that, they need to create new products to fit with the culture of each region. Sweet tea is a good example of a product that fits in with the culture in the south. Therefore it would be good for McDonalds restaurants in the south to  promote sweet tea. However, sweet tea is not very popular in the Northeast so it would be pointless to spend money promoting a product that no one is interested in. This is where the president of the region would need to find another product to promote. One that will fit the culture, and interest of the people in the Northeast. This means that management in each region needs to focus on research and development in order to make the right decision. In addition, technology is really important nowadays that is why McDonald needs to work with Apple to create an account in Apple Pay. Customers can pay quickly and order their food ahead of time. This will satisfy their customers because most of them do not have the time to wait to pick up their meal. It will take both an individual and team effort for McDonalds to complete the work. Upper level managers will need to work individually to make the right decisions. For instance, upper level manager should study the region and try to figure out how they can enhance the product or create a new product to fit the culture. Lower level employees need to work in teams so they can satisfy the customers. For example, the worker operating the grill cooks the meat and when it is done he or she passes it to another worker to make the sandwich according to the customers preference. Each team member is important because if they are not motivated to do their work the whole team will fail to deliver the product to the customer. It is very important that there is manager in each branch to motivate and coach the employees. Managers must be able to fill the role of an employee if the branch was crowded and direct them to do the right job. The manager should focus on increasing the sales by satisfying the customers. Best Approach McDonald’s Corporation needs to embrace that changes that are set to take place. Upper management will need to stick by their decisions, and have faith in their management. This means allowing the presidents in each of the four new divisions to take full control of operations within their regions. The division’s presidents must look to regional managers for input on necessary changes. It is up to them to find out what the customers want, and what the customers want is what they should get. Ideally McDonalds is looking to do two things when making these structural changes. The first is to keep the same basic product menu in every region, but allow for different  regions to add certain products that cater to the customers in that region. Second is to allow for decisions to be made more efficiently and effectively. Conclusion The planning for these changes has already begun and sometime in the immediate future the changes will be implemented. These are good changes and the team feels that they will eventually make a significant difference in the overall success of McDonalds Corporation. It is going to take time, but we feel these changes will lead us into the future on the right path. References Jennings, Maze,, L.J. (2014). McDonald’s Reorganizes US into Four Regional Divisions. Retrieved from http://nrn.com/mcdonalds/mcdonald-s-reorganizes-us-four-regional-divisions Jargon, Julie, (2014). McDonalds Plan to Change U.S. Structure. Rettrieved from http://online.wsj.com/articles/mcdonalds-to-change-u-s-structure-1414695278

Water is My Safe Haven Essay -- Personal Narrative, Descriptive Essay

Water is My Safe Haven Everyone, once in their life, searches for a place or thing to get away and to be by themselves for awhile. When they find this place or thing, it provides them with the comfort, stability, and vitality they may need. It can be a library, the outdoors, a car, the front porch, or even a swimming pool, where they feel the safest, the most comfortable, or feel like all their burdens, all of their worries may be washed away. For me that place is the water; a river, a lake, a beach, a swimming pool, wherever there is water, that’s where I‘ll be. I was always afraid of the water. I was always afraid to leave the edge of the pool and to swim off in the middle. The pool was a big place where water was on all sides, it was stronger than me, and it intimidated me. Swimming for me was like a dog paddling the water. It was hard, and I was a young and confused on the mechanics of swimming. I can remember being thrown in the pool very often, that being a tactic my Mother used to get me to swim. It worked sometimes but other times I needed assistance. I can remember when I joined the swim team as a freshmen in high school. I wanted to get over my fear of water and wanted to learn how to swim. Goggles in hand, swim cap tightly fitted on my head. My legs shaking. The smell of freshly applied sunscreen coming through my pores. Beads of sweat dripping from my forehead. Nervousness overpowering my body. I was scared. This was it, I’d have to swim. No more holding on walls. A big pool surrounded by walls, a diving board, and 13 feet of water. There was no way I was backing out. The question was could I do it? I got into the pool. It was cool against my warm skin. Lilies floated by. Bugs buzzed... ... me. It created this big barrier from the outside world; we were one. I treaded the water afraid of letting go of the wall, and I swam to the middle of the pool. My brother raced towards me and we swam together. I was getting tired of swimming to and from each wall, but I was having fun. We decided to take a break. We pulled ourselves out of the pool from the side. Relief had overpowered us as we lay our cool bodies on the hot concrete. The heat began to warm us up so we decided to get back in. That was a day where my brother and I felt as if we were really kids. Wild and adventurous, loving the water. The water was my place of comfort outside of my grandparents’ home. I couldn’t take Mississippi with me to California, but wherever I went, there would ultimately be water, and I could always take that with me, I’d always have a piece of Oxford, I’d always have water.

Tokugawa Japan :: essays research papers

Midterm Question—1 Tokugawa Ieyasu was a great samurai fighter and cunning politician. In battle of Sekigahara Tokugawa defeated his major rivals and established Tokugawa government. His headquarter was established in village of Edo away from the imperial families in Kyoto. Ieyasu and successors choose to rule as shoguns, or feudal lords, demanding loyalty from the daimyo and exercising direct control only over their own territorial domains. The people saw the emperor as divine descent of sun goddess Amatersau, however, established the emperor as the ultimate source of political authority and surrounded the imperial throne with thicket of taboos that protected it from usurpation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tokugawa and his politicians created some policies to keep japan from rebelling and try to control over the society. They divided the feudal lords into three categories: Fudai, Shimpan and Tozama daimyos. The fudai daimyo, descended from members of the original tokugawa vassal band or men who had been made daimyo by Ieyasu and his successors, identified most closely with the interests of bakufu. Their territories frequently abutted Tokugawa lands, protecting their flanks, and the bakufu’s highest officials were drawn from their ranks. The Tozama daimyo were descended from allies of Ieyasu too strong to be considered his direct vassals or from daimyo that submitted to his suzerainty only after battle of Sekigahara. Their domains were large, on average twice the size of the fudai daimyo, and usually located on the periphery of the archipelago. The shimpan daimyo was newly created by the family, their houses were branch houses set up to placate the sons of elderly shoguns who did not inherit the office and to provide collateral successors to the main line.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1615, Tokugawa pass the law for military housing. Ieyasu created Sankin-Kotai or alternate attendance system. This required that each lord of daimyo to spend 6 months year spent in Edo. Policy kept daimyo lords on move and made them financial unstable. Tokugawa basically kept the lords in hostage while they were on move; this kept them from plotting against him. His government established Kyoto deputy. No one could visit the Tokugawa without the deputy’s approval. Marriage between imperial and emperor was to be approved by deputy too. There was class system that divided people into four categories: samurai, farmers, artist and merchants. Only samurai were allowed to carry the swords. When high-ranking officials walked down the street all the peasants had kneel to give him respect. Tokugawa Japan :: essays research papers Midterm Question—1 Tokugawa Ieyasu was a great samurai fighter and cunning politician. In battle of Sekigahara Tokugawa defeated his major rivals and established Tokugawa government. His headquarter was established in village of Edo away from the imperial families in Kyoto. Ieyasu and successors choose to rule as shoguns, or feudal lords, demanding loyalty from the daimyo and exercising direct control only over their own territorial domains. The people saw the emperor as divine descent of sun goddess Amatersau, however, established the emperor as the ultimate source of political authority and surrounded the imperial throne with thicket of taboos that protected it from usurpation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tokugawa and his politicians created some policies to keep japan from rebelling and try to control over the society. They divided the feudal lords into three categories: Fudai, Shimpan and Tozama daimyos. The fudai daimyo, descended from members of the original tokugawa vassal band or men who had been made daimyo by Ieyasu and his successors, identified most closely with the interests of bakufu. Their territories frequently abutted Tokugawa lands, protecting their flanks, and the bakufu’s highest officials were drawn from their ranks. The Tozama daimyo were descended from allies of Ieyasu too strong to be considered his direct vassals or from daimyo that submitted to his suzerainty only after battle of Sekigahara. Their domains were large, on average twice the size of the fudai daimyo, and usually located on the periphery of the archipelago. The shimpan daimyo was newly created by the family, their houses were branch houses set up to placate the sons of elderly shoguns who did not inherit the office and to provide collateral successors to the main line.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1615, Tokugawa pass the law for military housing. Ieyasu created Sankin-Kotai or alternate attendance system. This required that each lord of daimyo to spend 6 months year spent in Edo. Policy kept daimyo lords on move and made them financial unstable. Tokugawa basically kept the lords in hostage while they were on move; this kept them from plotting against him. His government established Kyoto deputy. No one could visit the Tokugawa without the deputy’s approval. Marriage between imperial and emperor was to be approved by deputy too. There was class system that divided people into four categories: samurai, farmers, artist and merchants. Only samurai were allowed to carry the swords. When high-ranking officials walked down the street all the peasants had kneel to give him respect.

Cinderella Man Film Essay

Cinderella Man is a film about The Great Depression. How is this period in history depicted in the film? The film Cinderella Man is based on a true story about a boxer James J Braddock, during the Great Depression in the 1930’s. Braddock, his wife Mae and his three kids were very well off, due to the fact that Braddock was doing very well with his boxing and winning lots of fights, which resulted in lots of money. This all changed very suddenly when Braddock’s career was turned upside down when the Great Depression hit. The first scene in the film which shows that times were starting to get tough is when there is a transition scene from 1928-1932, where there is a slow left pan fade starting from their dresser with lots of accessories such as jewellery, a photo in a nice frame, a watch and a stack of money which Braddock earned from winning a fight that night, and the pan ends with a shot of their dresser during the great depression which is clearly much less accessorised with very little jewellery, a razor, a false tooth and the same photo but without the frame. As Braddock and his family were very well off before the great depression this scene really illustrated how tough the times were and there were many people much worse off than Braddock’s family. Another scene in the film that portrayed the period of the Great Depression was the scene when Braddock went to the Docks to work. Each day unemployed men would wait at the gate and hope to get picked to work on the docks that day. This scene gives you as a viewer a sense of truth about the movie and when the men are stretching out their arms through the bars it demonstrates how desperate people are getting. After it shows the men begging to get picked to work it switches to a close up shot of a newspaper getting dropped on the ground with the title â€Å"unemployed hits record 15 million†. The close up shot of the newspaper really emphasises that the film is during the great depression, and nearly everyone is unemployed; and this shot works perfectly in depicting this point in time. The next scene which indicates the film is during the great depression I personally think is the most effective. Jim and Mae are so low on money that they can’t afford to keep their three c hildren, one who is sick at home and Mae sends them off without telling Jim and this leads to them fighting. After this is changes to a high angle close up on the EMERGENCY RELIEF ADMINISTRATION OF NEW JERSEY and hundreds of people filling out welfare application forms. The camera then pans to Braddock when it is his turn and the woman at the counter says to Braddock- â€Å"I never thought I’d see you here Jim†. When the woman at the counter says this to Braddock it makes me as a viewer think that if Braddock is associated with wealth and he has lost everything, then what does the average person have left? As many other scenes in the film, this one really proves that the film is during the great depression and thousands and thousands of people are hardly surviving. The last scene I am going to talk about which represents the time of the great depression is probably the most effective in getting the message across that the film is during the great depression, and this scene is in Hooverville which is a place where lots of little shanty’s were built by homeless people dur ing the great depression. This scene in the film is very loud and gruesome, with sounds such as police sirens, breaking glass, people yelling and people vomiting. The camera shows lots of people running around, bodies on the ground and small fires everywhere. This scene uses a hand held camera to emphasise the franticness of the people, and shows the occasional close up of individual’s faces to show that they are scared. Immediately after it shows a close up of Mike’s face when he says ‘tell Sarah I’ll be late.’ it flashes straight to a close up of a coffin with a number on it and then another close up on Mae’s grief stricken face. Because mikes coffin only has a number on it, it shows that NO one could afford a personalised coffin and all these people to the government were simply just numbers. At a glance this film is just about boxing, but as you watch it you learn that there is a deeper meaning to the film, and shows the story of one man, who went from having everything to nothing, and then struggled his way through the great depression, and in Braddock’s words he ‘was fighting for milk.’

Changes In Policies Directed Toward Poverty Social Policy Essays

Changes In Policies Directed Toward Poverty Social Policy Essays Changes In Policies Directed Toward Poverty Social Policy Essay Changes In Policies Directed Toward Poverty Social Policy Essay This assignment will analyze the transmutation of societal public assistance policy that was established and implemented during the class of the 19th and early twentieth centuries to turn to the job of poorness and to help the hapless at a clip when rapid industrialization hit Britain. These policies had been developed throughout this period utilizing a combination of both province and charitable sector intercession that expanded and contracted at different degrees within both sectors at different times. The assignment will be structured to integrate the undermentioned distinct yet associated elements: Initially, I will explicate what alleviation system/policy was in topographic point to turn to rural and urban poorness taking up to the early portion of the nineteenth century. Then, I will travel on to put the environmental context in footings of how the rapid industrialization that occurred in Britain could hold contributed towards worsening the poorness being experienced by local communities and persons during the early nineteenth century. I will so travel on to concentrate on those policies and intercessions that were introduced and/or endorsed by the province to specifically turn to poorness and assist the hapless ; whilst sing in analogue, the differing perceptual experiences of success and failure that surfaced during the execution of these policies crossing a timeline of the 1800 1939 period. An built-in portion of this will include the differential classifications and positions on poorness that existed and later evolved during this clip period. Main organic structure From the debut of the Elizabethan Poor Law Act of 1601, those who were considered as deserving hapless received alleviation from within their parish, which was subsidised by a mandatory hapless rate levied on each parish s land and belongings proprietors. This was intended to give local control and duty for cut downing the poorness being experienced by the hapless, immature, decrepit or aged within communities. These deserving hapless were provided with what was termed Outdoor Relief in the signifier of either pecuniary payment or in-kind alleviation such as nutrient, rent or apparels which enabled them to remain at place. Those who were classed as poor impotent people ( 2002, pg 11 ) and unable to assist themselves, aboard the able bodied hapless who were set to work, were provided with indoor alleviation within workhouses. This system continued good in to the late eighteenth century until the debut of the Gilberts Act which advocated that workhouses should go poorhouses, run b y hapless jurisprudence parish brotherhoods, to assist merely the sick, the orphaned or the aged. Joseph Townsend later expressed his disapproval of this attack: and said that the workhouses operate like the figures which we set to frighten the birds, boulder clay they have learnt foremost to contemn them so to roost upon the objects of their panic. ( Townsend 1788 cited in Spicker 1984, pg 10 ) The able-bodied hapless could still claim out-of-door alleviation but would be expected to happen employment outside of the brotherhood workhouse, hence poorness and hapless alleviation jobs became compounded further during a clip of agricultural depression when rewards were low and unemployment and population Numberss were on the addition. By the early portion of the nineteenth century the hapless alleviation system was under important strain as hapless rates escalated, nutrient monetary values were higher and the universes foremost industrial society was spawned as industrialization hit Britain. This was to be a period of rapid industrial progress and unprecedented urban growing ; of major displacements in forms of business ( chiefly from agricultural to industrial and service ) and of economic insecurity for many. ( Kidd,1999 ; pg 4 ) Technological promotion moved into rural communities, and the agricultural laborer was replaced with more cost efficient machinery, such as Equus caballus powered convulsing machines. This meant that agricultural workers and their households had small pick but to travel to the more hardworking towns and urban metropoliss where rewards were higher and there were more chances for work within mills, peculiarly in the fabrics, conveyance and excavation sectors. In world, this optimistic position taken by those looking to get away the troubles of the countryside and better their criterion of life would be faced with other forbiding factors and subsequent poorness within the mass working category vicinities would be harshly realised in assorted ways. Within the metropoliss people were populating in cheaply built, overcrowded terraced lodging, which had unequal sanitation and few comfortss. Within the mills, conditions were no better as workers were capable to working unprotected about unsafe machinery, whilst working long hours for unduly low rewards and having rough penalties for non conformity. Similarly, employers could freely utilize kid labors which they felt assisted hapless households by giving their kids work from the age of five old ages upwardly, much to the hurt of a kid s instruction which was fated due to no implemented statute law being in topographic point. In add-on, there were progressively cases of hapless malnutrition that existed in households which was associated to the dearly-won monetary values of nutrient, hence hapless mill workers could normally merely afford to purchase icky points. Taking into history all of these factors, the households of manual workers were ever vulnerable to unemployment, illness, old age or the decease of the breadwinner, which reduced them to pauperism ( Royle, 1997 ; pg 162 ) New Poor Law As population growing reached an unprecedented degree, hapless alleviation costs were besides lifting as more people were falling into a spiral of poorness and indigence instead than profiting from the increased rewards and improved criterion of life that optimists of the industrial revolution predicted. Politicians recognised that the current hapless jurisprudence system of 1601 needed to undergo considerable reform as there were clearly widespread defeats on the dorsum of what Malthus argued as supplying encouragement to bastardy ( Spicker et al 2007 ; pg 148 ) through the proviso of household kid allowance and that out-of-door alleviation will decrease both the power and the will to salvage among the common people ( Malthus cited in Kidd 1999 ; pg 21 ) unwittingly coercing more people towards poorness. Malthus later concluded in stating that dependent poorness ought to be held scandalous and the hapless Torahs abolished. ( Englander 1998 ; pg 9 ) Social reformist and individualistic economic expert Jeremy Bentham argued for a more disciplinary and disciplinary attack and believed in the primacy of the free competitory market in the solution of societal jobs . ( Englander, 1998, pg 10 ) In 1832 in response to the force per unit areas highlighted above a Royal Commission on the Poor Law was appointed, dwelling of 9 members and several helper commissioners runing from economic experts to societal reformists e.g. Edwin Chadwick. Their remit was to place the defects in the current hapless alleviation system and do recommendations for a new, more cost efficient theoretical account for execution. In the thick of this reappraisal, the first policy move against kid labor occurred in the signifier of the Factory Act of 1833, whereby kids younger than nine were non allowed to work, kids were non permitted to work at dark and the work twenty-four hours of young person under the age of 18 was limited to twelve hours. ( INSERT SOURCE ) After much appraisal of fact and statistics in concurrence with the old influential thoughts portrayed by Malthus and Bentham the New Poor Law Report was published in 1834, that concluded the jurisprudence itself was the cause of poorness. This led to the subsequent indorsement of the Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834 that focused on the ethos of transfusing a work subject whilst commanding the costs of hapless alleviation ( Pierson, 2009 ) . In order to make this, the act placed its accent on seting the hindrance workhouse at its nucleus with the steering construct of less eligibility which would separate between the able-bodied pauper and the independent hapless and automatically weed out the simply work- shy from the truly indigent ( Brundage, 2002 ; pg 35 ) . Consequently, the pauper would see poorer conditions within the workhouse than the lowest life criterions of an independent laborer. The workhouse would resemble the layout and mechanics of a correctional establishment, consisting segregation ( amongst different categories ) , uniformity, boring work, a controlling subject and the bare lower limit in nutrient and adjustment. This it was hoped would finally discourage the able bodied from using for indoor alleviation in favor of happening employment to last, whilst at the same time bettering the ethical nature of the faineant people it housed and to promote their eventual release. The Act besides proposed to get rid of all out-of-door alleviation, nevertheless this really persisted to supply aid up until the 1840 s as there were deficient workhouses built to house the inevitable addition in paupers who would non acquire aid outside. Another cardinal characteristic that remained was the defenders control of the rigorous colony Torahs which would assist avoid a big inflow of paupers from the rural small towns, therefore maintaining costs for the urban revenue enhancement remunerator at a manageable degree. At the start of the Victorian epoch in 1837 the position on poorness remained as one of ego duty and character, whereby the person was considered responsible for his/her ain actions and subsequent endurance in life irrespective of the environment they were populating in. This sentiment gathered impulse as people continually failed to or were loath to happen a occupation, therefore taking to the increased dependence on the province and small or no disposition to salvage money as a agency of back uping themselves through hard fortunes and into their old age. This became exacerbated farther by those who merely ventured down the way of junior-grade offense, sexual immorality, idling and drunkenness , which were defects which could be overcome by subject and new attitudes ( Townsend, 1993 ; pg 97 ) ; and therefore farther supported the rules and constitution of the hindrance workhouse system. As the 1840 s progressed ; the defenders began to cut down the degrees of out-of-door alleviation being distributed to the able bodied hapless. Peoples were going shamed and progressively cognizant that to be considered for alleviation they would be expected to execute some work undertakings with a position to accessing employment, otherwise they would be faced with the rough world of holding to come in the workhouse with their households. Subsequently, people began to recognize the emerging stigma attached to alleviation and would concentrate their attempts on happening work and other agencies of aid before yielding to the indignities of the Poor Law and the ultimate indignity of a pauper funeral ( Alcock et Al, 2008 ; pg 13 ) . This was likewise echoed by Jeremy Bentham who argued that people did what was pleasant and would non make what was unpleasant so that if people were non to claim alleviation, it had to be unpleasant ( Spicker, 2007 ; pg 148 ) At this clip the terrible steps and conditions within the workhouse system were having a bombardment of unfavorable judgment and resistance from the spiritual sector and workers brotherhoods which led to the reappraisal and farther amendments of the Amendment Act, taking the harshest steps of the workhouses. The Andover workhouse dirt, where conditions in the Andover Union Workhouse were found to be inhumane and unsafe, prompted a authorities reappraisal and the abolition of the Poor Law Commission, which was replaced with a Poor Law Board. In 1842 Edwin Chadwick wrote and published a study made the statement that sanitation After the grippe and typhoid epidemics in 1837 and 1838, Edwin Chadwick was asked by the authorities to transport out a new question into sanitation. His study, The Sanitary Conditionss of the Labouring Population was published in 1842. In the study Chadwick argued that disease was straight related to populating conditions and that there was a despairing demand for public wellness reform. Over 7,000 transcripts of the study was published and it helped make consciousness of the demand for authorities to take action in order to protect the lives of people populating in Britain s towns and metropoliss. Sir Robert Peel and his Conservative disposal were unwilling to back up Chadwick s recommendations. A force per unit area group, the Health of Towns Association, was formed in an attempt to carry Peel s authorities to take action. However, it was merely after the 1847 General Election, when Lord John Russell became leader of a new Broad authorities, that new statute law was introduced. In 1848 Parliament passed a Public Health Act that provided for the formation of a Central Board of Health. This new organic structure had powers to make local boards to supervise street cleaning, garbage aggregation, H2O supply and sewage systems Edwin Chadwick Sanitation Report ( 1842 ) Charitable/self aid motion COS ( 1869 ) Slum clearance liberating up land for lodging developers ( 1870 ) Charles Booth ( category division/ income ) / Seebohm Rowntree Sanitation/Environment surveies Physical deterioration/health Boer War National fittingness Committee on physical impairment Colony Houses to blend upper category in with hapless communities Bibliography Alcock, C. , Daly, G. and Griggs, E. ( 2008 ) Introducing Social Policy, 2nd ed. , London: Longman Brundage, A. ( 2002 ) The English Poor Laws 1700-1930, Basingstoke: Palgrave Englander, D. ( 1998 ) Poverty and Poor Law Reform in 19th Century Britain, 1834-1914 From Chadwick to Booth, Harlow: Longman Kidd, A. ( 1999 ) State, Society and the Poor in Nineteenth-Century England, Basingstoke: Macmillan Royle, E. ( 1997 ) Modern Britain: A Social History 1750-1985, 2nd ed. , London: Arnold Spicker, P. ( 1984 ) Stigma and Social Welfare, Kent: Croom Helm Spicker, P. , Alvarez Leguizamon, S. and Gordon, D. ( 2007 ) Poverty: an international glossary, 2nd ed. , London: Z Townsend, P. ( 1993 ) The International Analysis of Poverty, London: Harvester Wheatsheaf

The eNotes Blog The Metamorphosis of a GraduatingSenior

The Metamorphosis of a GraduatingSenior editorial intern just graduated from university! Wondering what its like to leave college and move on to the real world? Outlined here are the six phases of graduation and yeah, theyre just a little scary. But dont worry, youll get through it. I just graduated a week ago. So naturally, I’ve been thinking a lot. If I could paint you a picture of what my senior year looked like, I’d say it kind of resembled the Splash Mountain ride at Disneyland. I’ve summed it up with an acronym, â€Å"Yjecda,† which I’m pretty sure means â€Å"chaos† in Elvish, but don’t quote me on that. Allow me to walk you through. Stage 1: the YES phase Man, you are so excited. You just caught sight of the ride. The line is long. It must be good. Everyone says it’s good. You are getting on that ride. Nothing can stop you. Except for maybe churros. There’s always time for churros. Your face looks like this:   omgomgomgomg The start of senior year feels like uncontainable excitement. The thoughts bouncing through your head sound something like, â€Å"YES† and â€Å"THIS IS GOING TO BE THE BEST YEAR YET† and â€Å"YOLO† (for the bros).You’re amped. You know how everything works. You have your friends. You know the ins and outs and you’re just ready to make the most of them. The time is NOW. Like†¦right now. Stage 2: the Just no phase You get to the line, just as the time on that little board of dread changes to â€Å"70 minute wait,† and you hear the person in front of you yell something like, â€Å"I think the ride broke down.† SERIOUSLY. But you’ve already committed, so you just stand there sullenly, waiting. You look like this: Silent anger Yeah, you’re over it. It’s probably winter quarter. You don’t want to take any more midterms or finals. You don’t want to go to class because it’s keeping you from doing the things you want to do (like sleeping). The library looks like a black hole. You’re antsy (in extreme cases, this might mean you’re in a rut. Eek†¦) You feel like it’ll never end and you’re not sure how youve spent so many hours and years studying and studying and studying. This is just not acceptable. You may acquire forehead wrinkle lines from excessive frowning during this stage. Stage 3: the I’m Excited again phase You may have waited an hour and a half, but you’re about to get on the ride. There’s only one little girl and her father left in front of you, and you’re prepared to take them down if you have to. You’re so close, you can smell the damp walls. Mmm,victory. Your feel a little like this:   Maniacal enthusiasm You’re so close to graduation you can taste it. This might be spring quarter, or really any time around a month or so before you graduate. You’re just so pumped about all the potential opportunities that await you. You feel free and boundless like you can do anything you want. No more boundaries. You’re in charge of your life for the first time. AND YOU’RE REALLY EXCITED ABOUT IT. Stage 4: Confusion At this point, you’re on the ride. And it’s really dark. When you start moving, you realize you have no idea where you are or what you’re seeing. You’re sitting in a log and it’s not comfortable and you’re confused why they would design it that way. There’s noises. What are those noises? It sounds like water. Like a waterfall. â€Å"Oh my god am I going to die?† So many thoughts. You keep dropping every now and then when you least expect it and†¦what? Is that a rabbit? WHAT IS GOING ON? You’re all like this: Oh god.. This is usually how you feel about 2-5 weeks before graduating. How did you get here? You feel like a child trapped in some body that’s been wrecked by four years of undergrad. Those memories. All those memories! You were just a freshman, don’t you remember? You’re thinking about when you got accepted, and when you decided to go here. You’re thinking about your first friends. You’re thinking about first everythings. My god, has it really been four years? You don’t understand anything anymore. Nothing makes sense. You think about how time flies and it makes you want to hug things. What’s happening? Stage 5: Dread â€Å"The drop. It’s coming. It’s coming. I can tell. IT’S COMING. Maybe if I close my eyes. Oh my god. OMG.† It happened. Your face be like.. Meep. Well, you just finished your last college course. How’s that feel? Like crap. It feels like crap. What are you going to do? What’s your next step? Are you excited to move away from all of your friends? Are you stoked to have to assume real responsibility? Are you looking forward to leaving the university you’ve called your home for the past four years? Are you just going to love creating a whole, new life where everything’s different? At this point, the answer to all these questions is a fat no. A big, fat no. Stage 6: Acceptance Well, it happened. There’s nothing you can do about it. You’re soaked in the kind of water you’re not supposed to jump into for fear of illness or disease. You smell like dirt. Water is seeping into your jeans. â€Å"Why did I wear jeans?† Mistakes, so many mistakes. But it happened. Time to go eat some pineapple frozen yogurt and get over it. You’re going to enjoy the rest of your day because you’re at the happiest place on earth. Just got to dry off a little first. And you look like this So mature. So put together. You go. At this point you’ve accepted your fate. You’re done with college. But you know your life is going to lead you to lots of happy places. They’ll be different, but that doesn’t mean they’ll be bad. And you’re okay with it. You’re even a little bit eager to get started. It’s just going to take some adjusting, and you’re ready for that too. You’re proud of yourself because you conquered college, and you conquered it with style. So there you have it. The metamorphosis of a graduating senior.                        Ã‚   Bring it on, world.

More Than Just One Weird Trick Alex Mayor, Publicist

More Than Just One Weird Trick Alex Mayor, Publicist More Than Just 'One Weird Trick' - Alex Mayor, Publicist â€Å"When I raise the issue of marketing a book with a lot of authors, you sort of see the three lemons come up for them - â€Å"Why aren’t I doing that? Why didn’t I think of doing this?† - and for others they look moderately terrified!†Traditional publishers have tried to embrace the new media tech menagerie plenty of times over the last decade, at least. And yet every effort has faded away with time, lost like tears in the rain. Whether it’s book trailers or staid, conservatively hashtagged tweets from a corporate account, it feels a little like watching a toddler trying to walk: graceless, but at least sort of fascinating to watch them fall down as they learn from their mistakes.Or, if we can reach for another simile, traditional publishers trying to innovate are like 20th century passenger liners trying to slalom around icebergs - innovation requires a manoeuvrability that, in 99% of cases, is at odds with the size of the company trying to inn ovate.This is, however, another coup for indie authors. As Ben Galley explained in his interview with us, indies aren’t shackled the way traditionally published authors are. The room for experimentation is there.This is where people like Alex Mayor come in. Alex is the founder / inventor of Papercasting, a Hackney-based agency helping authors find interesting and unheard of ways to bring their books to an audience, whether that’s through audio, video, or even real-world theatrical productions. The best way to explain it is to let Alex himself talk you through it in our interview below, but you can listen to a Papercast for ‘London Bridge in America’ right here!REEDSYHow long have you guys existed for?   How did you get started? How many of you are there?ALEX MAYORAt the moment it’s me and two part-time creative guys that I work with. Because of the friends I have, I’ve ended up knowing quite a few authors. They would come to me saying †Å"The book’s finally done, it’s coming out, but I’m not sure how it’s going to do. I know what the publisher is going to do: they’re going to spring for drinks for a launch party; they might put some promotional postcards together but they probably won’t; and then, after they’ve sent out the review copies, if nothing happens in that first month that’s kind of it.†So what I’ve been doing so far is basically helping out friends. Now I’m trying to move beyond the friendship circles. The idea has been to find authors who are prepared to do something a bit more interesting in terms of how they promote themselves.I’ve also had some support from the Arts Council, who were very interested in the idea. They see that creatives within what we might call ‘the literary world’ writ large suffer to a large degree from being not necessarily the most internet-savvy, the most marketing-savvy - writing by i ts nature is a solipsistic undertaking. Also, traditional publishing, assailed as it is by modernity, is spending less on promo simply because of the sheer number of places they’re trying to reach.Last year we did a few examples of work. Now we’re trying to ramp it up, to find authors with some sort of social footprint, and create pieces of digital work that will help promote them. An author phoned me up last week: â€Å"I’ve suddenly thought this is perfect radio material. This story is quite Carver-esque, it would work really well. Can we make a ten-minute version of this as a radio play?† And I said â€Å"Of course we can, I can find the actors, we can do it all fairly cheaply,† and the author can then use that as a calling card to media organisations, put it online for streaming, and use it to build interest in the books.I’m getting a lot of interest from a certain kind of author - authors who think â€Å"I’ve made something, and I want people to pay interest in it and engage with what I’m doing,† rather than just seeing it as â€Å"A book has been printed with my words in it, my work here is done.† When I raise the issue with a lot of authors, you sort of see the three lemons come up for them - â€Å"Why aren’t I doing that? Why didn’t I think of doing this?† - and for others they look moderately terrified!My background is in media, in publishing; I’ve written music for television, I’ve produced records†¦ I view everything as just ‘stuff.’ It’s stuff that has an audience, somehow, and I’m fairly open-minded about how you reach the audience. In book-publishing, traditionally you have the agent, the publisher who’s kept at one remove†¦ everyone is in their own box. There isn’t a lot of moving around, and publishers don’t tend to want to upset that situation too much. But authors may well know thei r audience *better* than a big corporate publisher. It’s just a fact that if an author is good at writing books about Norwegian circus acts of the 18th century, it may be that they know the most important people who will help sell that book.REEDSYSo what is paper casting? Is it a verb, a noun†¦?ALEX MAYORIt’s both! I wanted a word that would help authors understand the idea that they could be broadcasting. What is being on Twitter but a form of broadcasting? Making a radio play, putting a video together, they’re all kinds of broadcasting. I believe when you’ve got a book you’ve created something that can be expressed in a multitude of ways. You’ve already done the hard bit in finding a way to bring that idea off the page in a way that gets people excited. But because authors are traditionally left out of the equation by publishers, they haven’t been too entrepreneurial in that regard.It’s a business and an experiment. Iâ⠂¬â„¢m trying to find out if there are enough authors who want to do this. I think it’s going to be younger authors probably, or authors who are very good on social media, but within five to ten years there will be an entire generation of writers who have always had a Facebook account, who have always shared their top-of-the-mind thoughts on some network tool or another. This model is waiting to happen, even if it hasn’t yet happened.REEDSYI remember a few years ago this craze for book trailers†¦ALEX MAYORYes! And they were all awful! They were all mind-bogglingly bad. I’ve trawled through loads of these. I noticed that, once YouTube was a fairly embedded prospect in people’s minds, you’d hear people asking â€Å"Do we do video?† This idea that ‘doing some video’ would add value to something, that if you didn’t have an active YouTube account you weren’t really a player.That thinking was evident in pretty much every book trailer I’ve ever seen, particularly ones paid for by publishing companies - where they’ve done a Ken Burns slow-pan over the front cover, they’ve brought a rent-a-quote up, there’s a piece of out-of-copyright classical music playing in the background, it’s two minutes long, and nobody will ever look at it. They’ve not been terribly interesting by and large. That, or - fair enough - a film of the author reading a bit of it, which is at least a step in the right direction.I think it’s been something publishers did badly, and to some degree consider an experiment they don’t really want to repeat. The question is still outstanding because the way we consume literature is changing under our feet all the time. It’s not changing totally, and there’ll be an element of the market, like vinyl, that will always buy the physical book. But how we consume what we call books is changing all the time. Technology compa nies are the ones charging forward and providing those experiences, not publishers.REEDSYIt feels like that even amongst the best of those efforts, there’s rarely much of a tie to the book being promoted. Even my favourite example of a book trailer, while a great little clip, doesn’t connect directly to the book in question.ALEX MAYORI think when you mentioned that 2011/2012 moment, the concomitant line of thinking in marketing departments across the land was â€Å"Can we do something viral?† as if they’d discovered the idea of disease for the first time and were embracing it wholeheartedly. I think the danger of some of those things is that they can be cool, but you see so much cool stuff every day I think there’s a burnout you get to.My feeling is there is, particularly in non-fiction publishing, an enormous number of perfectly good books where it will always be a tricky prospect for a publishing house to find a lot of marketing muscle and budget to push it. Unless your name is Malcolm Gladwell, how many of these are you going to shift? There are all these books that are perfectly interesting, but they’re not as immediate. They’re not things that it would be so easy to make a viral or funny trailer for, but they’ve got something in them that will make you stop in your tracks. And I think the process is find the core of the book - the elevator pitch, the one surprising thing that you’d hear from the author at a cocktail party and repeat to your friends.Say you had an Oliver Sacks neuro-psychological ramble with interesting case-studies. OK, so you get two actors in, find some dialogue that’s interesting, maybe make a two minute radio play out of it, and at the end you’ve got your buy-link - you’ve tee’d up the experience of the book. Where those trailers went wrong is that there were a) uninteresting, and b) they weren’t thinking about the content of the book. Th ey were thinking about the object: â€Å"Here is a book.† Well, yeah, we get it, here’s a book. There are lots of books. Why do we want to read it?I’m still trying to find more authors who have a little bit more of a social footprint who are prepared to be more Gonzo with me. As a premise, I think it’s not expensive to make this kind of media - it’s just about having the willpower to do it.REEDSYIt seems like what you’re doing requires more than just money thrown at it - it also needs creativity, an idea.ALEX MAYORMy ambition for 2015 is to find more of these authors and ramp it up to the point where what we have is a form of entertainment in its own right. If you could image a channel of this stuff, and you were flipping through it, these would be interesting ways of hearing about interesting new books. Maybe some people would listen to them and get whatever they get out of it, but there would be people who click through and buy the book. I t’s a case of taking what’s already a very well considered piece of media, a book manuscript, and creating something slightly smaller in a different format out of the book for not a lot of money. It’s not difficult stuff to do. For me it’s about editorial and production, and finding that killer idea that’s at the heart of the thing. There will be something - you can’t write a book and have no point.REEDSYHow do you produce one of these things? How does your agency work?ALEX MAYORWe have a little studio in Hackney - BBC quality microphones and all of that jazz. Mostly what will happen is I’ll sit down with the author and get them to pitch the book back to me. I’ll obviously go read the manuscript. I’ll come back with suggestions of ways we could bring it off the page. The author has to feel comfortable with what we’re envisioning. It may be that they’re going to be reading, or that they’re not going t o be reading and someone else will be found†¦ It’s very tailored to the person. At its core it’s about understanding the central strengths of the book.People have been asking â€Å"Oh, so we’d be making a video?† I always say â€Å"We might be, but we might not be.† Video is hard to do without a degree of cost because to do justice to the written word in film is notoriously hard. It’s very hard to do without immediately becoming boring, in my opinion. I think audio is a better choice, by and large, because you can maintain the reader’s own interactivity - that way they’re assembling the words in their head and seeing whatever world you’re bringing them into.In terms of capturing what it is that’s interesting you have to be media-neutral at the outset, and also be somewhat sensitive to the person’s own personality and what they’ll feel comfortable with, and also budget - radio’s the cheape st, video is hard to make†¦REEDSYHow do you get the material in front of people?ALEX MAYORAt the moment I’m just using Soundcloud. It’s more about the social footprint of the author, their agent, and any publicity people they have on side. This is simultaneously the massive potential upside and the massive potential downside. Good use of social media is thin on the ground - most people struggle with it. Authors are either total oversharers, or haven’t done much of it before. The model definitely requires that you have a fairly active social media following. It all lives and dies at that point.One author has just engaged me to do this for him. Initially I said â€Å"It will only work if you’re calm about it.† So I’ve been trying to build a voice for him on Twitter. I’ve set writing challenges like â€Å"How about sharing all the titles of things you’ve never written?† Trying to get the author to think of it as a writ ing challenge, not a self-promotion challenge.There was a famous observation by Momus the electronic singer - â€Å"In the internet age everyone is famous for fifteen people.† I’ve always thought that hangs over lots of technology. You could potentially do billions of things and reach zillions of people, but the core of it is still the slogging, and it kind of always was. You’ve just got to keep beavering away at getting a footprint with people and building a personality with people.REEDSYThanks for your time Alex.

How the Kimono represented Japanese tradition and national identity Outline

How the Kimono represented Japanese tradition and national identity and How it has changed overtime - Outline Example As a result, wearing traditional garments such as the Kimono are largely restricted to certain festive or special occasions. Chambers (2007, p. 64) says that Japanese national identity can be established through two primary dimensions: Cultural identities and the distinction between traditional and modern practices. Although worn by men, women and children, the Kimono has always been the marked attire worn by Geishas (traditional dancers) and is also worn by women during their coming-of-age ceremony (held around the age of 20). The goal of characterizing the Kimono as feminine attire can be traced to the cultural renaissance initiated during the Tokugawa era (17th-mid 19th centuries). This persisted among the Japanese elite up until the Meiji period (during the turn of the 20th century) (Mathers, 2005, p. 42). As a result, the role of women in contemporary Japanese society is not dependent on individual choice, but has been built on broad national consensus. Women are looked upon to uphold the family and tradition (as a good mother and wife), unlike men who are supposed to be the decision makers and engage with the external world. Thus, while men prefer western outfits, women are encouraged to adorn the Kimono since its wrapping around the female is a direct representation of national identity. In other words, the wearing the Kimono is widely seen as the differentiating element between Japanese tradition and western cultures. â€Å"In our culture today, a clothes is a part of identity. It is a fashion statement of who we are. This is because we want to be seen in certain ways. Wearing clothes is a practice of showing our subjectivity.† (McRobbie, 1994, p. 128) Nevertheless, the use of Kimono has waned over the decades primarily due to western influences and the high level of maintenance required to clean and preserve the garment. Efforts are often underway to revive the tradition and increase the use of the Kimono

Personal Philosophy of Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Personal Philosophy of Education - Essay Example Education assists students become responsible members of the society in their adulthood. All learners should develop emotional, cognitive and social skills that are essential for success in life. I believe that a teacher should be a role model and a guide in order to enhance learning. Just like Socrates asserted that unexamined life is not worth living, all students should be allowed to decide the learning styles and goals. I believe that both formal and informal classroom assessments are essential in stimulating the brains of students and improving the knowledge retention capacity. I believe that teachers should examine the learning outcomes of the students after every topic covered in the classroom (Ornstein, Levine & Gutek, 2011). My philosophy of education is based on idealism, experimentalism, progressivism and behavior change. An effective teacher should develop and nurture unique student skills and capabilities. Since knowledge is not static and new methods of solving problems keep on being implemented, teachers should guide students in solving problems through case studies of hypothetical real life scenarios. As a teacher, I will require students to analyze case studies and make recommendations on the effective methods of solving the problem (Ornstein, Levine & Gutek, 2011). ... Emotional skills help the students to have social-control and resolve disputes without engaging in violence. I use different encouraging and motivating words that enable students to express their ideas and participate in discussions during learning. I have taught all my students other essential skills like time management, writing skills and problem analysis skills (Ornstein, Levine & Gutek, 2011). I believe that mental skills, attitudes and psychomotor skills are basic learning capabilities. I am able to guide my students to improve their memory capacity. Students should be able to translate facts and knowledge in problem solving. Students should synthesize knowledge for new meaning. I believe that student attitudes and behaviors should be controlled in order to enhance learning. I believe that a balance of responsibility and personal freedom will assist my students to work independently and also have a good working relationship with peers during group discussions. All students shou ld appreciate individual and unique differences and appreciate cultural diversity in order to minimize chances of stereotyping their peers during learning. In managing the classroom, I believe that learning should occur in a positive environment that is friendly. Learning activities should be supportive and classroom rules that are enforceable are essential in controlling the behavior of learners. The physical environment should not be disruptive or dangerous. The classroom sitting arrangement should allow the teacher the opportunity to move around and monitor the student learning progress. There should be a procedure that students can use while seeking assistance. For instance, the classroom rules will require the student to rise up

Computer Hardware and Operation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Computer Hardware and Operation - Research Paper Example This has created a difficulty to maintain the entire system which has brought about the need to properly configure the system based on user requirements. Responsively, it has been observed that in order to ensure that different users derive utmost usability from the usage of their system, a categorization has been made which includes configurations required for standard users, power user and elite user. The standard users would perform basic administrative related tasks such as spreadsheets, word processing along with internet. Conversely, power user would perform engineering and information technology (IT) related tasks. Entailing a moderate budget of $1400 for each system, these systems would require features such as high quality graphics along with sound, greater proportion of memory and storage. Similarly, the system of elite user to be used by the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) would be arranged in such a manner which would ensure latest features and top ranked quality. With thes e background considerations, the paper intends to provide reasoned justifications for the selection of a few of the major components for these users including case, power supply, processor, mother board, memory, storage (magnetic and optical) and monitor. The key aspect of the paper is to detail feasible budgeted configuration plans for each of the users so that their needs are satisfied. Reason for Selecting Each of the Major Components for Different Types of Users Case. Computer case which also termed as system unit or base unit is one of the major components of a computer system. Cases are usually manufactured by steel or aluminum. In addition, case at times is manufactured with plastic and even wood as well. Cases come in different sizes. The size of the case is majorly dependent on the motherboard. For instance, a case prepared for an ATX motherboard along with power supply may assume a number of external forms. Various kinds of cases that are available in the market include ve rtical tower, flat desktop and pizza box. Responsively, it is observed that business organizations often depend on the desktop cases and mini-tower cases. Computer cases layout is designed with sheet metal which consumes the power supply. Moreover, the rear board is constructed with billet peripheral connectors which protect the expansion slots and motherboard. Cases usually possess power switch, reset button and LEDs to help show the power status and activity of the network. In recent scenarios, the most popular cases in the consumer market include ATX (PCGuide, 2001). In relation to the provided scenario, it can be affirmed that there would be a requirement of a diverse set of cases for different user configurations i.e. elite, standard and power. For standard configurations, there would be a prospective purchase of 12 systems wherein the budgeted value of each system has been assigned at $750. Considering these factors, the suggested computer case will be Full Tower ATX Gaming Ca se. The price of this case is US$8 for each piece, featuring advanced cooling system and convenient install procedure which would fulfill the requirement of the standard users. Furthermore, for power users, the recommended case will be ATX Computer Case/Cabinet black with silver and the price will be US$10.15 for each piece. This case renders side panel window facility. Conversely, for elite system configuration, the price

Bioethics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Bioethics - Research Paper Example This is exciting for scientists because being able to harvest these cells means that there would be ways in which organs and disorders could be fixed. However, the highest concentrations of stem cells are found in developing embryos because they are still growing and developing. There are clearly ethical parameters regarding this due to the sensitivity of the use of unborn embryos and fetuses for scientific research. This stems from the religious and political conservatives that believe that these types of matters are crossing into a domain in which humans should not have direct control over. Even though there is much opposition to stem cell research, I think that it is the future of the evolution of biomedical science. Because stem cells have no pre-existing programming and can be turned into anything, it could eliminate cancer by replacing cancer cells with healthy cells. In addition, they could be used in gene therapy to rewrite damaged code or mutated code. In order to harvest th e cells, I believe scientists should be able to take them from aborted fetuses and adults. In this way, it is not taking away the natural rights of the unborn individual and it is making use of biological material that would otherwise be discarded. Instead, it can be used to save lives.

Juvenile Justice Laws Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Juvenile Justice Laws - Essay Example "Juvenile justice workers fulfill a dual role: a public safety and accountability role, which involves the management of youths' behavior, and a rehabilitation and youth development role, which involves mentoring and coaching youths in pro-social skill development. This duality is a source of frustration as well as opportunity among the juvenile justice workers." (Howe, Clawson, and Larivee, 2007, p 35). Therefore, an effective juvenile justice worker has great scope for assisting the society through the management of the behavior of the youths as well as helping the rehabilitation and youth development through mentoring and coaching youths in developing various pro-social skills. In other words, for juvenile justice workers to work within the field of juvenile justice means a way to contribute to the development of the society as well as the correction and rehabilitation of the youth. One of the fundamental duties of the juvenile justice workers is make sure that the young offenders follow all the strict rules and laws that apply within this field and the effectiveness of a juvenile justice worker depends on how competently he carries out this duty. It is essential to comprehend that juvenile justice falls into the area of corrections and human services work which offer these workers the opportunity of helping the society and the youth. In ensuring the strict obser

Bioethics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Bioethics - Research Paper Example This is exciting for scientists because being able to harvest these cells means that there would be ways in which organs and disorders could be fixed. However, the highest concentrations of stem cells are found in developing embryos because they are still growing and developing. There are clearly ethical parameters regarding this due to the sensitivity of the use of unborn embryos and fetuses for scientific research. This stems from the religious and political conservatives that believe that these types of matters are crossing into a domain in which humans should not have direct control over. Even though there is much opposition to stem cell research, I think that it is the future of the evolution of biomedical science. Because stem cells have no pre-existing programming and can be turned into anything, it could eliminate cancer by replacing cancer cells with healthy cells. In addition, they could be used in gene therapy to rewrite damaged code or mutated code. In order to harvest th e cells, I believe scientists should be able to take them from aborted fetuses and adults. In this way, it is not taking away the natural rights of the unborn individual and it is making use of biological material that would otherwise be discarded. Instead, it can be used to save lives.

The Effect of Online English Courses for Teaching English Grammar on Essay

The Effect of Online English Courses for Teaching English Grammar on Distance Students' Achievement at the University of Dammam - Essay Example A Proposal Submitted as a Requirement for the PhD in Education. Introduction Since the 1990s, technological advances have led to an increase in the 'integration of web-based and web-enhanced resources into instructional practices' (Rodriguez, Ooms, Montanez &Yan, 2005). Considered the most effective technologies to change the face of education, computers and the internet have caused a revolution, forcing the reformulation of curricula and the way it is delivered (Ameneh, 2011). With this revolution and development in the medium of delivery and presentation of knowledge, an increase in lifelong learning has been observed (Medford, 2004). As a result of the increasing demand for learning at all levels of society and in many different circumstances, Saudi Arabia (S.A.) has started delivering online courses. In S.A., online learning has been used to offer learning opportunities to students who are unable to attend an institute for various reasons, e.g. on medical grounds, due to living i n remote areas, or because they are over 25 years old. Online learning has many advantages for students and also for faculties. For example, it offers learning opportunities at any time, in any location and in a way adapted to modern lifestyles (Perry & Pilati, 2011). It also provides extra time for the students to apprehend the material and understand more abstract concepts through the application of different types of media (Perry & Pilati, 2011; Rose & Billinghurst, 1996). Moreover, online learning has proved to have many positive effects on student behavior, motivation, communication, and achievement (Samuel & Baker, 2005), e.g. it can encourage students' creativity, problem-solving, communication, collaboration and self-learning skills (Ameneh, 2011). In what concerns benefits for faculties, online learning provides a chance to be purposeful in their teaching (Perry & Pilati, 2011). It is an opportunity of sharing workload amongst staff and can include collaboration with other faculties. Content may also be built and modified, while satisfying the needs of different learning styles (Tang & Byrne, 2007). Furthermore, faculties can manage students' progress more easily by using the different management tools applied in the Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) to deliver the course. Taking into consideration the advantages mentioned above, it is understandable the increasing number of students in S.A., who have demanded online learning over the last few years. This process is also supported by companies' gradual acceptance of online degrees, and the universities that offer them. The University of Dammam (U.D.) in S.A. started delivering online courses in January, 2012 to distance students in 2, out of its 28 colleges. Currently, all the departments in the Arts College offer online degrees, except the English Language department. Faculties in the English department are reluctant to use online learning techniques. A reason for this reluctance is the belief that technology cannot support or replace face-to-face (F2F) learning and teaching methods. Findings of this research may give the chance for reconsideration of this reluctance. Research Problem and Objectives U.D. adopted Blackboard as their VLE in 2011 for all students, both on-campus and distance learners. U.D. offers a BA in English language due to the consideration of English as the

Explain Erich Fromm’s twofold meaning of human freedom Essay Example for Free

Explain Erich Fromm’s twofold meaning of human freedom Essay Erich Fromm is a German psychologist explored human freedom. He wrote about the two folds of human freedom, which are, the freedom â€Å"from† traditional authorities such as the state and (2) the freedom â€Å"for† actualizing one’s individual destiny. In his work about the Freedom in History, Fromm argues that the people came to understand the real meaning of freedom in the 20th century. They thus fight to defend it. This is because it brings a lot of joy to the people, therefore prompting them to devise ways of maintaining it. Through his work, he tries to explain the main cause leading to the fall of the previous social order. In addition, it has led to the rise of a new generation of independent beings who are fighting for direct high-quality future. This development makes them to have a feeling of not just fulfilling their socioeconomic role in the society, but also contemplating their future Secondly, Fromm tries to explain the way the people are Escaping freedom through his suggestions that people are successively attempting to lessen negative effects although expanded thoughts and behaviors provide them with security. He explains three forms of escaping freedom whereby he suggests that the dictatorial personality contains a sad and masochist element which gains control over the other people. Such control imposes order in the world. The ambiguity of human freedom is especially evident when making important life choices, for example, who we want to be and how we want to live our lives. Fromm holds that although people in advanced societies have been freed from the bonds of preindividualistic society, which gave them both security and limitations, they have not gained freedom in the positive sense of realizing their individual selves. That is, they have not found an outlet for the optimal expression of their intellectual, emotional, and social potential. We have freedom to direct our lives—from the details of daily life to the more crucial choices such as our careers. Karen Grover Duffy and Eastwood Atwater (2008). Psychology For Living: Adjustment, Growth, and Behavior Today (9 ed. ). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson/Prentice Hall.

Outline of the clinical characteristics of depression

Outline of the clinical characteristics of depression The formal diagnosis of major depression requires five of the following symptoms and evidence of serious distress or failure to function in everyday life. The following symptoms must be present for most of the time over a minimum period of two weeks. Symptoms of depression Sad depressed mood and feeling or behaving sad and empty Loss of interest and pleasure in usual activities Difficulty in sleeping ( insomnia or hypersomnia ) Lethargic or agitated Appetite ( loss so weight loss or increased so weight gain ) Loss of energy or great fatigue Negative self concept feeling of worthlessness and guilt. Difficulty in concentrating ( slowed thinking or indecisiveness ) Recurrent thoughts of death or suicide. Give two or more psychological causes of depression Cognitive Views about the worldPsychologist Aaron Beck suggested depression is the result of negative thinking and catastrophising which he called cognitive errors. (Beck 1991) maintained there are three components to depression which he called the cognitive triad. The cognitive triad. Views about oneself Views about the future As the cognitive triad components interact they interfere with normal cognitive processing which then leads to impairments in perception, memory and problem solving, the person then becomes obsessed with negative thoughts. In addition to the cognitive triad beck believed that depression prone individuals develop a negative self schema which means they possess a set of beliefs and expectations about themselves that are negative and pessimistic, which leads on to feeling and symptoms of depression. Negative self schemas can be acquired in childhood as a result of a traumatic event such as the death of a parent or sibling, parental rejection, bulling at home or school for example. People with negative self schemas become prone to making logical errors in their thinking and they tend to focus selectively on certain aspects of a situation while ignoring equally relevant information this is called cognitive distortions. An example of a cognitive distortion is someone believing that someone is whispering about them and they automatically assume it must be bad, ignoring the fact they could be whispering something good. Cognitive distortions include the following Arbitrary interference: drawing conclusions on the basis of sufficient or irrelevant evidence for example thinking you are worthless because a show you were going too was cancelled. Selective abstraction : focusing on a single aspect of a situation and ignoring others for example you feel responsible for your netball team losing a game even though your just one player on the team. Over generalisation: making a sweeping conclusion on the basis of a single event. Failing an exam, this means you will fail all exams and that you are stupid. Magnification and minimisation: exaggerating or underplaying the significant of an event for example you scratch the paint work on your car and therefore see yourself as a terrible driver. Personalisation: This is attributing the negative feelings of others to yourself for example your friend enters the room looking upset; you believe you must have upset her. Beck also suggested that that there individual differences that determine the type of event that can trigger depression for example sociotrapic personalities base their self esteem on the approval of others where as an autonomous person would react badly to their independence being challenged. The cognitive theory is one of the most influential models that explain negative thought processes. It explains that our emotional reaction seems to come from how we interpret and predict the world around us. The main problem with the cognitive approach to depression is that the theory is correlational, and that the argument is a circular one. Does depression cause negative thinking, or does negative thinking cause depression? Also it is a theory which is hard to test and research people seeking help for depression already have negative emotions and so it is not possible to access their cognitive process prior to the onset of the disorder. Secondly when participants are tested in research they are often already on drugs to manage the depression which could affect the result of the study. Finally thoughts are subjective experiences that are hard to test and measure which make proving the theory extremely difficult. A positive of the cognitive approach to depression is that it has many useful applications and has contributed to our understanding of human phenomenon and it has integrated well with other approaches. The psychodynamic explanation of the causes of depression The psychodynamic approach to understanding depression focuses on how the unconscious motives drive our behaviours and experiences. Freud explanation of depression lies in the early relationships with are parents, he noted that there is a similarity between grieving for a loved one and the symptoms of depression. Freud described depression as an excessive and irrational grief which occurs as a reaction to a loss, this loss evokes feelings associated with real or imagined affection from the person on whom the person was most dependants as a child. Both actual and symbolic losses lead us to re experience parts of our childhood, thus people with depression become clingy, dependant and can even regress to a child like state. Evaluate psychodynamic therapy in the treatment of depression In support of the psychodynamic theory people with depression do show dependant like behaviours as they often feel that they cannot manage everyday activities and rely heavily on others. In support of Freud theory on depression and understanding depression from the psychodynamic approach is Harlows research on privation conducted on rhesus monkeys separated from their mothers at birth, using surrogate mothers, a wire mother and a cloth mother he demonstrated that a mothers love was essential for a persons mental health. The experiment showed that infant monkeys separated from their mothers displayed signs of depression. In support of the psychodynamic approach to depression and frauds theories this approach is idiographic and so focuses on the individual. This means that the individuals problems are taken into account and they are not just diagnosed on the bias of others. A negative point on the psychodynamic theory is there is little experimental evidence for Frauds theories as most of his work was based upon case studies, this makes the approach highly subjective and un-testable as his finding were often biased to fit his theories, second to this frauds theory is often characterised as unscientific as it is difficult to observe and measure concepts such as actual and symbolic losses and regression. Also the case studies used to test Freuds psychodynamic theory were mainly middle aged, upper class, Austrian women. This means that his findings cannot be generalised to the wider population. This is also a problem as he developed his ideas on childhood from adults talking retrospectively of their pasts which is a problem because people recall information differently and memory and feelings fade. The ethical implications of psychodynamic therapy Directive therapy- due to the unconscious cause of the psychological problems and the resistance patients put up to the unconscious truths, the patient must trust the therapists interpretation and instructions. However psychoanalysis does occur under voluntary conditions. Psychoanalysis can be quite anxiety provoking as it can reveal disturbing repressed experiences. It is a humane form of treatment as it does not blame or judge the patient, who is not responsible for their problems. Outline the clinical characteristics of schizophrenia There are positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia Positive symptoms are things additional to expected behaviour and include delusions, hallucinations, agitation and talkativeness. Negative symptoms which are things missing from expected behaviour, negative symptoms include a lack of motivation , social withdrawal , flattened affect, cognitive disturbances, poor personal hygiene and poor speech. Other characteristics of schizophrenia include- Auditory or visual hallucinations Flat emotions Delusions Disorganised speech Catatonic or disorganised behaviour Give two or more psychological explanations of schizophrenia Cognitive explanation for schizophrenia Cognitive explanations for schizophrenia acknowledge the role of biological factors such as genetic causes and a change of brain activity for the cause of initial sensory experiences of schizophrenia. However further features of the disorder appear as the individual attempts to understand them. The cognitive approach also suggests that schizophrenia is characterised by profound thought disturbance, this could be down to cognitive defects which can impair areas such as perception and memory. This could form cognitive biases and explain misconceptions and the way schizophrenia sufferers interpret there world. Schizophrenics normally first discover symptoms of voices and abnormal sensory experiences , this normally leads them to a friend or family member to confirm the experience when the experience is not confirmed this can lead to rejection of support. This leads to a belief that people around them are hiding the truth and the person with schizophrenia believes they are being manipula ted and persecuted. This shows the basis of schizophrenia is biology based however other symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions are formed after the failure to not except there reality these of which are cognitive. In support of the cognitive approach to schizophrenia Firth (1979) proposes that disruption to an attention filter mechanism could result in the thought disturbances of schizophrenia, as the sufferer is overloaded with sensory information. Studies on continuous performance and eye tracking tasks indicate schizophrenics do show more attentional problems than non schizophrenics. This means that perhaps reduced short term memory capacity could account for some schizophrenics cognitive distractibility. Hemsley (1993) suggested schizophrenics cannot distinguish between information that is already stored and new incoming information. As a result, schizophrenics are subject to sensory overload and do not know which aspect of a situation to attended to and which to ignore. One strength of the cognitive explanation when describing schizophrenia is that there is further support for this theory provided by Myer-Lindenberg ( 2002) they found a link between poor working memory ( which is typical of schizophrenics ) and reduced activity in the prefrontal cortex. Furthermore Schielke (2002) studied a patient who developed continuous auditory hallucinations as a consequence of an abscess in the dorsal pons. This suggests that there is wider academic credibility for the link between biological and cognitive factors causing schizophrenia. A second strength of the cognitive explanation of schizophrenia is that it takes on board the nurture approach to the development of schizophrenia. For example it suggests that schizophrenic behaviour is the cause of environmental factors such as cognitive factors. A weakness of the cognitive explanation is that there are problems with cause and effect. Cognitive approaches do not explain the causes of cognitive defects -where they come from in the first place. Is it the cognitive defects which cause schizophrenia behaviour or is it the schizophrenia that causes cognitive defects. A second weakness of the cognitive model is that it is reductionist the approach does not consider other factors such as genes. This suggests that the cognitive approach over simplifies the explanation of schizophrenia. The behavioural explanation of schizophrenia. The behavioural explanation suggests that schizophrenia is a consequence of faulty learning children who do not receive small amounts of reinforcement early in their lives will put larger attention into irrelevant environmental cues, for example: Taking attention to the sound of a word rather than its actual meaning. This behaviour will eventually appear weird or strange to others so will generally be avoided. Strange behaviours may be rewarded by attention and sympathy and so they are reinforced. This can continue until the behaviour becomes so strange that the person is then labelled as schizophrenic. Eventually the behaviour and psychological state deteriorates into a psychotic state. Evaluate cognitive behavioural therapies in the treatment of schizophrenia in terms of its strengths and weaknesses. The misinterpretation of events in the world is common in schizophrenia. Using cognitive therapy with schizophrenia requires the psychologist to accept that the cognitive distortions and disorganized thinking of schizophrenia are produced, at least in part, by a biological problem that will not cease simply because the correct interpretation of reality is explained to the client. Cognitive therapy can only be successful if the psychologist accepts the clients perception of reality, and determines how to use this misperception to assist the client in correctly managing life problems.   The goal is to help the client use information from the world (other people, perceptions of events, etc.) to make adaptive coping decisions. The treatment goal, for the cognitive therapist, is not to cure schizophrenia, but to improve the clients ability to manage life problems, to function independently, and to be free of extreme distress and other psychological symptoms. Advantages It directly challenges the problem and attempts a cure of the under lying symptoms. It gives the person some control over their own illness. Research has shown cognitive behavioural therapy can be as effective as medication Due to its highly structured nature cognitive behavioural therapy can be provided in a number of formats such as soft ware and self help books. Disadvantages In order to benefit from cognitive behavioural therapy you need to ensure you give a considerable amount of commitment which people with schizophrenia can lack. It could be argued that because cognitive behavioural therapy only addresses current problems it does not address underlying causes of the condition. Discuss the ethics of cognitive behavioural therapy Directive therapy due to the environmental determinism of behavioural problems, patients need to be re programmed with adaptive behaviour. Stressful can be painful and disturbing e.g. flooding and aversion therapy Humane specific maladaptive behaviours are targeted the whole person is not labelled. Outline the characteristics of anorexia Refusal to maintain body weight at or above a minimally normal weight for age and height. Intense fear of gaining weight Disturbance in the way in which ones body weight or shape is experienced, denial of the seriousness of the current low body weight. Absents of three consecutive periods. Socially withdrawn Refusal to eat despite hunger Give two or more psychological explanations of eating disorders Cognitive explanation of anorexia Cognitive psychologist has suggested that irrational attitudes and beliefs and distorted perception are involved in eating disorders. These beliefs normally concern unrealistic ideals or perception of body shape or irrational attitudes towards eating habits and dieting. For example: the disinhibition hypothesis once a diet has been broken one might as well break it completely by bingeing. Cognitive researchers have also proposed that suffers of anorexia are seeking to assert control over their life to an excessive idealistic extent. Bemis- Vitousek and Orimoto (1993) pointed out the kind of faulty cognitions that are typical in people with anorexia. For example: a common cognition is that dieting is a means of self control, but at the same time most people with anorexia are aware they are out of control because they cant stop dieting, even when it is threatening there life. These are faulty cognitions and maladaptive ways of thinking. The main problem with the cognitive explanation is that the theory is correlational and the argument is a circular one does negative thinking cause the eating disorder or does the eating disorder cause the negative thinking. Secondly the thoughts that are related to having an eating disorder are subjective experiences that are hard to test and measure, Also people seeking help for an eating disorder are already have negative emotions so it is not possible to test their cognitive processes prior to the onset of the disorder. Psychodynamic explanation of anorexia One view of the psychodynamic model of anorexia proposes that anorexia reflects an unconscious desire by a girl to stay pre-pubescent. Over dependence on parents may result in the adolescent fearing sexual maturity and independence. Bruch (1974) regarded anorectics as being in a struggle for control and their own identity, the pursuit of thinness was seen as a critical part of such a struggle. Bruch considered that there were two main characteristics of parents that made the development of anorexia more likely in their children. Firstly an over concern with food and secondly family relationships that did not assist the child in developing their own sense of identity particularly important was considered to be girls feeling that their needs were secondary to their mothers. The psychodynamic approach in relation to eating disorders is idiographic and so it focuses on the individual. This means the individuals problems are taken into account and they are not just diagnosed on the basis of others. There is little evidence for Freuds theories on eating disorders it is all based on feeling rather than hard evidence. All his case studies were a mainly middle aged, Austrian woman which means his findings cannot be generalised to the wider population. However Freuds idea that the anorexics refusal to eat was an unconscious denial of the adult role and they wished to remain a child. The timing of onset in anorexia and the loss of menstruation supports this idea. Evaluate behavioural therapy in the treatment of eating disorders. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a common type of treatment for eating disorders. This branch of psychotherapy aims to help break large problems or situations into smaller more manageable parts and treats eating disorders in this same way. Cognitive behavioral therapy is a branch of psychotherapy that is based on the idea that all thoughts (cognition) and actions (behaviors) are related. This may not always be clear, so CBT aims to help individuals break down problems or situations into more manageable parts and examine the ways in which thoughts, emotions and actions were related in each other. Cognitive behavioral therapy allows individuals to examine the relationships between their thoughts, feelings and actions and in doing so allows individuals to understand that if they change the way that they think and feel, they will change the way that they act. For individuals suffering from eating disorders, understanding the relationships between thoughts, emotions and actions is highly important. Once these relationships are understood, the individual suffering from an eating disorder can replace the negative thoughts and emotions which have led to abnormal food and eating behaviors and with more positive thoughts and emotions that will lead back towards a healthy lifestyle. However, in order for these relationships to be clear, it may take several weeks of tracking tho ughts, feelings and food and eating behaviors before the individual will accept this proof. Often therapists will ask individuals to keep a journal or food diary in order to more accurately record their thoughts, feelings and actions towards food and eating during a given period of time. Discuss the ethics of behavioural therapy Behavioural therapy can induce a high level of anxiety which could be considered unethical Directive therapy due to the environmental determinism of behavioural problems; patients need to be re programmed with adaptive behaviour. Stressful can be painful and disturbing e.g. flooding and aversion therapy Humane specific maladaptive behaviours are targeted the whole person is not labelled.

The High Cost of Obesity :: Health

Today, as values of living continue to boost, weight increase and obesity are posing a rising threat to certain well-beings in countries all over the world. Obesity, now confirmed as a nationwide endemic by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), is likely to get worse and amplify over time. â€Å"The World Health Organization (WHO) predicts there will be 2.3 billion overweight adults in the world by 2015 and more than 700 million of them will be obese† (Obesity: in Statistics, 2008, 2nd Statement). It is definite that most kids are inclined to eat junk food, and it is certain that most kids will become overweight as adults. About 15% of children and adolescents aged 6 to 19 years are overweight, which is an increase of 4% from the 1988-1994 NHANES study† (Chatterjee, Blakely, & Barton, 2005, p. 24). Statistics of obese persons in the United States alone are also greater in certain cultural and ethnic minority groups, especially African American and His panics. â€Å"Between 1986 and 1998, incidences of being overweight increased significantly among African American children by 21.5% and for Hispanic children by 21.8%. That is nearly almost  ¼ of the population! Among all low-income children, the prevalence of being overweight was found to be highest among Latino children by (12%) followed by Asian-Pacific Islander (9.6%), African American (7.8%) and Whites (7.1%)† (Chatterjee, Blakely, &Barton, 2005, p. 24,) â€Å"The total cost of obesity by some estimates is $100 billion annually. Others estimated the cost of health care for obesity alone is $70 billion† (Wellman, Friedberg, S705, 2002). Obesity and its economic costs stand on three levels. First, obesity can hurt a person financially, with doctor visits, and such. Secondly, obesity can cut into the costs of businesses (presuming the overweight are working, but they may not be, due to their state), due to lost efficiency. There is about 40 million workdays of productivity lost among overweight individuals. Other issues include non-attendance, underachievement, and raised insurance payments. (Wellman, Friedberg, 2002, p.705) Furthermore, being overweight has an effect on expenses by neighboring, state, and nationwide governments. Obesity is my topic of interest because as a future elementary teacher, I want to raise awareness of the consequences that obesity may have among children. I hope to teach all children the importance o f eating healthy so that they can become happy, healthy adults. Obesity is a huge problem that is strongly influenced by the sociological factors such media and the American culture. The High Cost of Obesity :: Health Today, as values of living continue to boost, weight increase and obesity are posing a rising threat to certain well-beings in countries all over the world. Obesity, now confirmed as a nationwide endemic by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), is likely to get worse and amplify over time. â€Å"The World Health Organization (WHO) predicts there will be 2.3 billion overweight adults in the world by 2015 and more than 700 million of them will be obese† (Obesity: in Statistics, 2008, 2nd Statement). It is definite that most kids are inclined to eat junk food, and it is certain that most kids will become overweight as adults. About 15% of children and adolescents aged 6 to 19 years are overweight, which is an increase of 4% from the 1988-1994 NHANES study† (Chatterjee, Blakely, & Barton, 2005, p. 24). Statistics of obese persons in the United States alone are also greater in certain cultural and ethnic minority groups, especially African American and His panics. â€Å"Between 1986 and 1998, incidences of being overweight increased significantly among African American children by 21.5% and for Hispanic children by 21.8%. That is nearly almost  ¼ of the population! Among all low-income children, the prevalence of being overweight was found to be highest among Latino children by (12%) followed by Asian-Pacific Islander (9.6%), African American (7.8%) and Whites (7.1%)† (Chatterjee, Blakely, &Barton, 2005, p. 24,) â€Å"The total cost of obesity by some estimates is $100 billion annually. Others estimated the cost of health care for obesity alone is $70 billion† (Wellman, Friedberg, S705, 2002). Obesity and its economic costs stand on three levels. First, obesity can hurt a person financially, with doctor visits, and such. Secondly, obesity can cut into the costs of businesses (presuming the overweight are working, but they may not be, due to their state), due to lost efficiency. There is about 40 million workdays of productivity lost among overweight individuals. Other issues include non-attendance, underachievement, and raised insurance payments. (Wellman, Friedberg, 2002, p.705) Furthermore, being overweight has an effect on expenses by neighboring, state, and nationwide governments. Obesity is my topic of interest because as a future elementary teacher, I want to raise awareness of the consequences that obesity may have among children. I hope to teach all children the importance o f eating healthy so that they can become happy, healthy adults. Obesity is a huge problem that is strongly influenced by the sociological factors such media and the American culture.